Evaluation of the Company's Strategy Coursework - 2

Assessment of the Company's Strategy - Coursework Example The very much associated advanced world has become the origination of different patterns of globalization, which has kept on rising up out of different created just as developing markets. As a result of the procedure of globalization, requests for new items and administrations are being shaped in the business sectors everywhere throughout the world. The requests of new sorts of items and administrations in the worldwide markets are bringing about the age of different business openings. Organizations around the globe are progressively moving to the new markets to tap the new business openings and in this manner go to huge development in their business. This specific task centers around Tesco which is the significant retailer in the UK showcase. The task talks about the assessment of the procedure of Tesco in the current occasions, from the point of manageability. Presentation The rise and fast improvement of innovation has gotten a significant change in the opposition elements existin g in any market far and wide. The new innovation has set off the ascent of new patterns of globalization, which has naturally expanded the progression of information in the worldwide markets. ... Because of market section by various worldwide firms, the degree of rivalries in the worldwide markets has gone up essentially. Additionally, the ascent of rivalry in the business sectors all around the globe has brought about the procedure of increment of selection of choices for the buyers, in this way expanding the buyer’s power. For this situation, the attention is on the UK based retailer Tesco. The UK based retailer Tesco has nearness in around 12 markets and has group quality of in excess of 530,000 individuals (Tesco - 1, 2013). The center motivation behind Tesco is to improve things in a coordinated way. The estimations of the organization can be connected to high devotion towards the clients, equivalent treatment alongside the attention on accomplishing development through making of chances and qualities for the different partners (Tesco-2, 2013). For this situation, the organization is anticipating build up a supportable technique while essentially assessing the rig ht now existing procedure of the organization. Investigation and basic assessment of Tesco’s vital situation In concentrating on the basic assessment of the vital situation of Tesco, it tends to be expressed that the organization in the current occasions has nearness in different mainlands like US, UK, Europe and Asia. The UK based retailer has nearness in various nations around the globe which incorporates UK, US, Lotus, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Kipa, Ireland, Korea, Malaysia, China and India (Tesco - 3, 2013). The arrangement of the organization contains staple, food, gadgets, money related administrations, attire, furniture, retailing of books, internet providers, programming, music downloads and DVD rental. The company’s developing piece of the overall industry and a solid nearness in the

The Rise And Fall Of The American Economy Coursework

The Rise And Fall Of The American Economy - Coursework Example In the US economy, there is an elevated level of joblessness and the loan costs in the economy are practically down to zero. The swelling is about 2% every year and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is expanding at under 3% every year. It is important to raise the GDP development to about 3% every year while keeping the paces of joblessness and expansion low in the economy. Financial downturn in an economy can be constrained by the detailing of powerful money related and monetary strategies. While the Fiscal Policy is regulated by the American Government, the Federal Reserve (the Central Bank of America) has the ability to actualize the money related arrangements in the economy. These strategies depend on various laws and speculations; Okun’s Law and the Phillips Curve are two such significant hypotheses. The Okun’s law expresses that when real yield becomes quicker than potential yield, joblessness rate in an economy, diminishes and the other way around. The pace of yield (GDP) development relating to the steady pace of joblessness is then considered as the development pace of the economy. Therefore, it is the exact connection between the yield hole and the joblessness rate. (Place of Representatives, USA, p.44) Phillips Curve shows the negative connection between the joblessness rate and swelling rate in the economy. This suggests so as to lessen joblessness, some measure of swelling must be endured or expansion can be diminished at the expense of rising swelling. (Exhaust, 2011, p.453) Wages was not taken as a part of the Phillips bend as within the sight of joblessness, the haggling intensity of work is nearly non-existent and in this manner, compensation can't be viewed as a key variable. Be that as it may, Phillips Curve is a short-run wonder and there is no exchange off between expansion rate and joblessness rate over the long haul. (Mankiw, 2009, p.789) These two speculations are irreplaceable to examine money related and monetary approaches since they show the connection between yield, swelling and joblessness in an economy. A General Framework: The GDP of a nation is the aggregate of the estimations of the considerable number of merchandise and enterprises created inside the land limits of a nation in a specific year. Keynesian financial aspects expresses that GDP can be communicated as the whole of the Consumption use, the speculation use, the administration use in addition to sends out short imports. The condition can be communicated as: GDP = C + I + G + (X †M)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (1) where C: Consumption use of the family units I: Investment use G: Government use X: estimation of fares M: estimation of imports Equation (1) speaks to the genuine side of the economy where the concerned factors are for the most part genuine factors. Monetary Pol icy: The Government can adjust the degree of yield, utilization, business and total interest in an economy, utilizing the two primary instruments of financial approach †tax assessment and government spending. Keynesian financial specialists accept that financial approach has a progressively direct and quick effect contrasted with money related arrangement (Genovese, 2010, p.160), as it influences the genuine division of the economy, instead of the fiscal area. Expansionary Fiscal Policy: Equation (1) can likewise be communicated regarding individual extra cash of the family unit part as: Thus, GDP = C (y †t.y) + I + G + (X †M) where y: pay of the families t: annual duty rate in the economy (y †t.y): discretionary cashflow of the family units Therefore, GDP = C {y (1-t)} + I + G + (X †M)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (2) When there is a high pace of joblessness in the economy, the Government can lessen the assessment level in the economy for example the Government diminishes â€Å"t† in the economy. When â€Å"t† is decreased, the shoppers are required to pay less measure of their pay as expense which builds their discretionary cashflow. The household’s utilization use which is a component of their extra cash, normally record an ascent. In the condition (2), because of the abatement in

INFJ Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive Functions

INFJ Personality Characteristics, Myths & Cognitive Functions Theories Personality Psychology Print INFJ: The Advocate (Introverted, Intuitive, Feeling, Judging) An Overview of the INFJ Personality Type By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on January 28, 2020 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on January 28, 2020 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Overview Intuitive-Thinking INTJ INTP ENTJ ENTP Intuitive-Feeling INFJ INFP ENFJ ENFP Sensing-Judging ISTJ ISFJ ESTJ ESFJ Sensing-Perceiving ISTP ISFP ESTP ESFP In This Article Table of Contents Expand Key INFJ Characteristics Cognitive Functions Personal Relationships Career Paths Tips for Interacting With INFJs View All INFJ (introverted, intuitive, feeling, and judging) is one of the 16 personality types identified by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Sometimes referred to as the Advocate or the Idealist, people with INFJ personalities are creative, gentle, and caring. INFJs are usually reserved but highly sensitive to how others feel. They are typically idealistic, with high moral standards and a strong focus on the future. INFJs enjoy thinking about deep topics and contemplating the meaning of life. The INFJ type is said to be one of the rarest with just one to three percent of the population exhibiting this personality type. Illustration by JR Bee, Verywell What sets the INFJ apart is their ability to take their idealism and translate it into action. They are not daydreamers or philosophers who just think about changing the world â€" they are capable of taking their values and using them to bring about positive and lasting change. While the MBTI is extremely popular, it has also been the source of considerable criticism due in part to its poor validity and reliability. If you do take the MBTI, use caution when considering the meaning of your results.?? You can learn more about the INFJ personality in this overview, but this should not be construed as health, psychological, or professional career advice. INFJ is also the opposite of the ESTP personality. Key INFJ Characteristics With their strong sense of intuition and emotional understanding, INFJs can be soft-spoken and empathetic. This does not mean that they are push-overs, however. They have deeply held beliefs and an ability to act decisively in order to get what they want.While they are introverted by nature, people with this personality type are able to form strong, meaningful connections with other people. They enjoy helping others, but they also need time and space to recharge.While this personality type may be characterized by idealism, this does not mean that INFJs see the world through rose-colored glasses. They understand the world, both the good and the bad, and hope to be able to make it better.When it comes to making decisions, they place a greater emphasis on personal concerns than objective facts when making decisions. They also like to exert control by planning, organizing and making decisions as early as possible. Strengths Sensitive to the needs of others Reserved Highly creative and artistic Focused on the future Values close, deep relationships Enjoys thinking about the meaning of life Idealistic Weaknesses Can be overly sensitive Sometimes difficult to get to know Can have overly high expectations Stubborn Dislikes confrontation Cognitive Functions The MBTI was originally created by Isabel Myers and her mother Katherine Briggs in the 1940s based on the theories of Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Jung. Jung believed that a number of mental processes made up each individuals psychological type. He identified four key psychological functions: thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition. Each of these functions then tends to be either outwardly focused (extraverted) or inwardly focused (introverted). MBTI advocates often utilize what they refer to as a functional stack when analyzing results. You can think of the different cognitive functions as the ingredients that go into making up a personality type. The specific recipe for each type is controlled by how these different ingredients combine and interact. The MBTI itself relies on two key factors that combine in different ways to give us the 16 different types. First is the functions themselves, and second is the hierarchical order of those functions. Each type possesses a dominant function that is the core characteristic of each type. This is then supported by an auxiliary function which is another well-developed aspect of personality. The tertiary and inferior functions are less conscious and not as well formed. INFJs tend to rely more on four primary cognitive functions: Dominant: Introverted Intuition This means that they tend to be highly focused on their internal insights.Once they have formed an intuition about something, they tend to stick to it very tightly, often to the point of being single-minded in their focus.Because of this, they are sometimes viewed as being stubborn and unyielding. Auxiliary: Extraverted Feeling This characteristic of this type makes INFJs highly aware of what other people are feeling, but it means they are sometimes less aware of their own emotions.INFJs sometimes struggle to say no to other peoples requests for this reason. They are so attuned to what other people are feeling that they fear causing disappointment or hurt feelings. Tertiary: Introverted Thinking INFJs make decisions based on ideas and theories that they form based on their own insights.INFJs rely primarily on their introverted intuition and extroverted feeling when making decisions, particularly when they are around other people. When they are alone, however, people with this personality type may rely more on their introverted thinking.In stressful situations, an INFJ might try to rely on emotions when making decisions, especially if it means pleasing other people. Under less stressful conditions, however, an INFJ is more likely to rely more on their intuition. Inferior: Extraverted Sensing While this is a less developed and largely unconscious aspect of the INFJ, it does have an impact on personality.This aspect of personality helps the INFJ pay attention to the world around them and stay aware of their surroundings.Extroverted sensing also helps INFJs better live in the present moment, rather than simply worrying about the future.This aspect of personality also helps INFJs appreciate physical activities such as hiking and dancing. INFJs You Might Know Oprah Winfey, television personalityMartin Luther King, Jr., civil rights leaderAtticus Finch, To Kill a MockingbirdCarl Jung, psychoanalystTaylor Swift, musician Personal Relationships INFJs also have a  talent for language  and are usually quite good at expressing themselves. They have a vivid inner life, but they are often hesitant to share this with others except for perhaps those closest to them. While they are quiet and sensitive, they can also be  good leaders. Even when they dont take on overt leadership roles, they often act as quiet influencers behind the scenes. INFJs are  driven by their strong values  and seek out meaning in all areas of their lives including relationships and work. People with this type of personality are often described as deep and complex. They may not have a huge circle of acquaintances, but their close friendships tend to be very close and long-lasting. INFJs are interested in helping others and making the world a better place. They tend to be  excellent listeners  and are good at interacting with people which whom they are emotionally close and connected. While they care deeply about others, INFJs tend to be very introverted and are only willing to share their true selves with a select few. After being in social situations, INFJs need time to themselves to recharge. Career Paths INFJs do well in careers where they can express their creativity. Because people with INFJ personality have such deeply held convictions and values, they do particularly well in jobs that support these principles. INFJs often do best in careers that mix their need for creativity with their desire to make meaningful changes in the world. INFJs are usually  high achievers  and excel in academics and the workplace. They can be perfectionists at times and tend to put a great deal of effort into their work. Co-workers tend to feel that INFJs are hardworking, positive, and easy to get along with. Because they are introverted, however, they may find that they need to retreat at times to recharge. In managerial roles, INFJs can sometimes struggle to exert authority. They tend to lead with sensitivity and are good at helping subordinates feel appreciated in the workplace. Jobs that require a great deal of routine or adherence to strict rules can be difficult or INFJs. Popular INFJ Careers ArtistActorEntrepreneurReligious workerMusicianLibrarianCounselorPsychologistWriterTeacherPhotographer Tips for Interacting With INFJs Friendships Because they are  reserved and private, INFJs can be difficult to get to know. They place a high value on close, deep relationships and can be hurt easily, although they often hide these feelings from others. Interacting with an INFJ involves understanding and supporting their need to retreat and recharge. People with this personality type sometimes feel misunderstood. You can be a good friend by taking the time to understand their perspective and appreciating their strengths. Parenting Because INFJs are so skilled at understanding feelings, they tend to be very close and connected to their children. They have high standards, and can have very high behavioral expectations. They are concerned with raising children that are kind, caring, and compassionate. INFJs encourage their children to pursue their interests and talents in order to fully realize their individual potential. Relationships INFJs have an innate ability to understand other peoples feelings and enjoy being in close, intimate relationships. They tend to flourish best in romantic relationships with people who they share their core values. As a partner, it is important to provide the support and emotional intimacy that an INFJ craves. Sincerity, honesty, and authenticity are all traits that the INFJ appreciates in their partner.

The 5 Great Schools of Ancient Greek Philosophy

Ancient Greek philosophy extends from as far as the seventh century B.C. up until the beginning of the Roman Empire, in the  first century A.D. During this period five great philosophical traditions originated: the Platonist, the Aristotelian, the Stoic, the Epicurean, and the Skeptic. Ancient Greek philosophy distinguishes itself from other early forms of philosophical and theological theorizing for its emphasis on reason as opposed to the senses or the emotions. For example, among the most famous arguments from pure reason we find those against the possibility of motion presented by Zeno. Early Figures in Greek Philosophy Socrates, who lived at the end of the fifth century B.C., was  Plato’s teacher and a key figure in the rise of Athenian philosophy. Before the time of Socrates and Plato, several figures established themselves as philosophers in small islands and cities across the Mediterranean and Asia Minor. Parmenides, Zeno, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Thales all belong to this group. Few of their written works have been preserved to the present day; it was not until Platos time that ancient Greeks began transmitting philosophical teachings in text. Favorite themes include the principle of reality (e.g., the one or the logos); the good; the life worth being lived; the distinction between appearance and reality; the distinction between philosophical knowledge and layman’s opinion. Platonism Plato (427-347 B.C.) is the first of the central figures of ancient philosophy and he is the earliest author whose work we can read in considerable quantities. He has written about nearly all major philosophical issues and is probably most famous for his theory of universals and for his political teachings. In Athens, he established a school – the Academy – at the beginning of the fourth century B.C., which remained open until 83 A.D. The philosophers who chaired the Academy after Plato contributed to the popularity of his name, although they did not always contribute to the development of his ideas. For example, under the direction of Arcesilaus of Pitane, began 272 B.C., the Academy became famous as the center for academic skepticism, the most radical form of skepticism to date. Also for these reasons, the relationship between Plato and the long list of authors who recognized themselves as Platonists throughout the history of philosophy is complex and subtle. Aristotelianism Aristotle (384-322B.C.) was a student of Plato and one of the most influential philosophers to date. He gave an essential contribution to the development of logic (especially the theory of syllogism), rhetoric, biology, and – among others – formulated the theories of substance and virtue ethics. In 335 B.C. he founded a school in Athens, the Lyceum, which contributed to disseminate his teachings. Aristotle seems to have written some texts for a broader public, but none of them survived. His works we are reading today were first edited and collected around 100 B.C. They have exercised tremendous influence not only upon the Western tradition but also upon the Indian (e.g. the Nyaya school) and the Arabic (e.g. Averroes) traditions. Stoicism Stoicism originated in Athens with Zeno of Citium, around 300B.C. Stoic philosophy is centered on a metaphysical principle that had been already developed, among others, by Heraclitus: that reality is governed by logos and that what happens is necessary. For Stoicism, the goal of human philosophizing is the achievement of a state of absolute tranquility. This is obtained through the progressive education to independence from one’s needs. The stoic philosopher will not fear any bodily or social condition, having trained not to depend on bodily need or any specific passion, commodity, or friendship. This is not to say that the stoic philosopher will not seek pleasure, success, or long-standing relationships: simply that she will not live for them. The influence of Stoicism on the development of Western philosophy is hard to overestimate; among its most devoted sympathizers were  the Emperor Marcus Aurelius, the economist Hobbes, and the philosopher  Descartes. Epicureanism Among philosophers’ names, â€Å"Epicurus† is probably one of those that is most frequently cited in non-philosophical discourses. Epicurus taught that the life worth being lived is spent seeking pleasure; the question is: which forms of pleasure? Throughout history, Epicureanism has often been misunderstood as a doctrine preaching the indulgence into the most vicious bodily pleasures. On the contrary, Epicurus himself was known for his temperate eating habits, and for his moderation. His exhortations were directed towards the cultivation of friendship as well as any activity which most elevates our spirits, such as music, literature, and art. Epicureanism was also characterized by metaphysical principles; among them, the theses that our world is one out of many possible worlds and that what happens does so by chance. The latter doctrine is developed also in Lucretius’s De Rerum Natura. Skepticism Pyrrho of Elis (c. 360-c. 270 B.C.) is the earliest figure in ancient Greek skepticism. on record. He seems to have written no text and to have held common opinion in no consideration, hence attributing no relevance to the most basic and instinctive habits. Probably influenced also by the Buddhist tradition of his time, Pyrrho viewed the suspension of judgment as a means to achieve that freedom of disturbance that alone can lead to happiness. His goal was to keep each human’s life in a state of perpetual inquiry. Indeed, the mark of skepticism is the suspension of judgment. In its most extreme form, known as academic skepticism and first formulated by Arcesilaus of Pitane, there is nothing that should not be doubted, including the very fact that everything can be doubted. The teachings of ancient skeptics exercised a deep influence on a number of major Western philosophers, including Aenesidemus (1st century B.C.), Sextus Empiricus (2nd century A.D.), Michel de Montaigne (1533 -1592), Renà ¨ Descartes, David Hume, George E. Moore, Ludwig Wittgenstein. A contemporary revival of skeptical doubting was initiated by Hilary Putnam in 1981 and later developed into the movie The Matrix (1999.)

Essay on Gender Inequality in the Song of Songs - 5212 Words

Gender Inequality in the Song of Songs INTRODUCTION Postcolonial Feminist Theory has taught us to look beyond the confines of narrow cultural lenses as we seek to understand the diversity of gendered experience. I believe it is even more empowering to go one step further and to look not only cross-culturally but also cross-temporally. In America, when the general population tries to articulate what traditional female gender roles were, it seems they often describe those prescriptions for being lady-like from the Victorian Era, 1950s post-war America, or maybe limited snapshots of the Middle Ages, like chivalry codes and chastity belts. Accordingly women were, supposedly and stereotypically, traditionally passive and acquiescent.†¦show more content†¦The Song of Songs is a work of unknown origins, perhaps written by women, which somehow landed in the Hebrew Bible. It is an egalitarian Near Eastern love poem that challenges virtually every description of traditional gender roles in romantic relationships, if one looks to stereo types of womanhood in Medieval Europe, the Victorian Era, or the 1950s, for example, to define traditional. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND If we are to look at the Song of Songs as a document or documents that hold/s cultural or gender cues, it is useful to approach the work with some historical understanding about it. This is especially true because there has been and still is so much disagreement about the Songs origin, authorship, purpose--and even genre. Seeing that there is no clear consensus among the experts can liberate and empower the lay reader to feel that his or her own ideas are valid. Traditionally, the Song of Songs was said to be allegorical. The only love poetry in the Bible, and certainly the only pro-woman erotica, it was justified as being representative of Gods love for Israel. Many have speculated that its origins are older than the rest of the Bible, and lie in pagan fertility rites of the region: Was it a liturgy to Ishtar, or associated with the Adonis-Tammuz cult of ancient Palestine? Could it have been liturgy for the spring festival of the Canaanites, celebrating Astarte and Baal as the lovers? Most contemporary scholars nowShow MoreRelatedWe Didn t Start The Fire, By Billy Joel888 Words   |  4 Pages music has inevitably found ways to challenge power and power structures around the world. Music has found a way to use not only lyrics, but also the gender of musicians and genres of music to oppose powerful entities. Throughout music s long lived history, lyrics have been the most obvious example of musical oppositions to power. 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Od Interventions Case Study - 3946 Words

Index 1. Statement of Confidentiality 2. Synopsis 3. Introduction: TCS -An Organizational Perspective The Pre-OD Scenario: Our Strengths and Areas of Concern Alignment and Structure at TCS Scenario Building Workshops Goal Alignment Balanced Scorecard PROPEL – The Intervention: Culture Building at TCS 4. The case of a large relationship at TCS: Team Alignment through PROPEL framework Spiral Dynamics Value Cards at the Large Relationship Improvements through Measurements/ Initiatives: Excellence at the large relationship (AEP) Darpan - Reflect and Improve 5. Conclusion: TCS -The Paradigm Shift Post OD scenario Synopsis In organizations worldwide today, there is a greater realization of the importance of†¦show more content†¦Employees were rotated across domains and skills in the interest of learn ability as well as for meeting requirements. In a sense, there was heightened focus on Voice of the Customer, in comparison to the Voice of Employee. Efforts on Experimentation Innovation: The management at TCS felt that by and large, employees tended to go straight by the book. Though Dr. De Bono’s techniques were introduced and employees trained on these techniques to encourage innovation, there was a need to scale up on perceived rewards for experimentation. Rewards and Recognitions: The reward structure at TCS was, at this point in time, primarily focused on individual performance and we were yet to explore the institutionalization of team based rewards at the organizational level. Inter group co-ordination knowledge sharing: Sharing of knowledge was very centre-oriented, and although, informally, best practices spread by interaction and word of mouth, we were yet to evolve a formal system which would capture these for ease of replication across projects. Multiple centers and multiple projects within the same centre ended up resolving the same sort of issues, resulting in avoidable rework. 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The consequences of abuse include anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and self-harm. Children may begin to act differently to their usual behavior - withdrawal is very common, as is self-harming (Khan, 2012). There are two ways that people can consider interventions for victims of domestic violenceRead MoreOrganizational Development3675 Words   |  15 PagesCASE STUDY MODULE 17 ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PQHRM/53-025 H E B MARASINGHE Contents Acknowledgement 3 Introduction to the case study 4 Literature Review 5 What is OD intervention ? 5 Factors That Impact the Success of OD Interventions can be listed under two main headings, 5 Intervention Categories 7 The process of Organizational Development 9 Change management 11 Report to be given to CEO of Nuran food products 12 Implementing an effective and successful OD process 12Read MoreEssay on Case Study Analysis L1059 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Running head: L. J. Summers Company – Case Study Case Study: L. J. Summers Company K Green Case Study Analysis: L. J. Summers Company Problem The problem in this case is L. J. Summers Company’s recently implemented cost reduction plan is causing degradation in the organization’s laissez-faire culture and has put the company at risk while challenging their competitive advantage. Furthermore, the inexperienced production manager (owner’s son, Blaine) is using his unearned power as an authoritarianRead MoreOrganizational Development Interventions2228 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......1 Organisational Development programs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 Organisational Development Interventions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...2-5 Reasons for Intervention†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 Implementation of OD intervention†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 What HRD Managers need to do to combat criticism†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 OD intervention in General Motors – A case study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...7-8 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8-9 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Read MoreLj Summers Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesGreen Case Study Analysis: L. J. Summers Company Problem The problem in this case is L. J. Summers Company’s recently implemented cost reduction plan is causing degradation in the organization’s laissez-faire culture and has put the company at risk while challenging their competitive advantage. Furthermore, the inexperienced production manager (owner’s son, Blaine) is using his unearned power as an authoritarian leader to drive change. However, due to poor leader-follower relations, his managementRead MoreBen Jerry Case Study2333 Words   |  10 Pages​                                                   Course: Organizational Development (MGMT 3022) ​Group Project:       Ben and Jerry’s (A): Team Development Intervention THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES ST. AUGUSTINE, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, WEST INDIES                                                            FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES MGMT 3022 – ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT             (EVENING UNIVERSITY)                         COURSE CODE:                            Mgmt. 3022                        COURSE

Ecosystems and Economics free essay sample

Andropolis Ecosystems and Economics Human society has placed an imprint on ecosystems throughout the planet. Because of this imprint ecosystems have degraded dramatically and have experienced loss. Human activity has affected plants, animals, and ecosystem dynamics in many ways. The purpose of this paper is to explore the causes of human society’s impact on ecosystems and the cost and benefits of human enterprises. In addition, conservation and exploitation of species related to human imprinting and the economic decisions that have been made will be discussed; this includes the cost and benefits included in human enterprising of ecosystems. Ecosystem Degradation and Loss â€Å"Ecosystem degradation occurs when alterations to an ecosystem degrade or destroy habitat for many of the species that constitute the ecosystem† (Hunter Gibbs, 2007, ch. 8, para. 4). An example of ecosystem degradation is deforestation for use as timber for humans that eliminates a natural habitat for a specific creature in that biota. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecosystems and Economics or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Human society’s growth patterns require land area to be cleared or altered to meet societal needs, which can result in an ecosystem loss. The addition of a factory that puts off chemical waste into a natural ecosystem can serve as an additional example to ecosystem degradation. The chemical change that may occur in ground water or rivers and lakes can affect the natural species in that habitat. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystem Dynamics Disturbances within an ecosystem can be caused by many things, however human activity is a large contributor to dynamic changes within a given ecosystem that can affect plants, animals, or the ecosystem as a whole. In the example of plant life, human activities such as clear-cutting in the rainforests remove natural habitats and can remove specific plant life from the region. The pollution of rivers and streams can affect the marine  populations and create dynamic change in the food chain of that biome. If the interruption to the ecosystem is continual the process of succession is hindered causing possible failure of the ecosystem (Net Industries, 2013). Conservation and Exploitation Limited resources as well as marginal utility play a large role in the economic decisions that underlie both conservation and exploitation. As each type of resource is used by humans the amount of the resource diminishes until eventually it is gone. This is why conservation efforts are in place to limit the margins of which the resources are obtained, used, or protected. As of 2002 according to the Environment News Service, â€Å"A study in todays issue of the journal Science says habitat destruction costs the world the equivalent of about $250 billion each year† (Environment News Service, 2002, para. 1). The economic value of an ecosystem diminishes by almost half once human enterprise has become prevalent in the area (Environment News Service, 2002). For example, the removal of mangrove trees to allow for increased fishing diminishes the flood protection that the trees provided for the coast line. Often the benefits of preserving an area are higher than maintaining human enterprise in that specific environment. A study done within the article estimated that if approximately $45 billion was spent each year on conservation of natural habitats then the return from nature would approximate to between $400 and $520 trillion (Environment News Service, 2002). In Summary The human footprint that is found across the globe in many different ecosystems all maintains the same effect. The degradation of the environment for human gain is actually costing humans more than it would to maintain the natural habitats. Human enterprise is more concerned about utilizing resources in their entirety than it is about saving natural habitats to produce for the future. The rate of ecosystem degradation is increasing daily as the human footprint expands and the needs for resources climb. If conservation efforts are not put into effect to regulate the use of these resources, ecosystems will see much more than marginal loss. References Environment News Service. (2002, August 9). Humanity loses $250 billion a year in wild habitat. Retrieved from http://ens-newswire. com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/2002-08-09-071. html Hunter, M. L. , Gibbs, J. P. (2007). Fundamentals of conservation biology (3rd ed. ). Malden, MA: Blackwell/Wiley. Net Industries. (2013). Ecological disturbance. Retrieved from Ecological Disturbance