Richard Hamilton

Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Just What Is It that Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing? ) Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? ArtistRichard Hamilton Year1956 TypeCollage Dimensions26 cm ? 24. 8 cm (10. 25 in ? 9. 75 in) LocationKunsthalle Tubingen, Tubingen Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? is a collage by English artist Richard Hamilton. [1][2] It measures 10. 25 in (260 mm) ? 9. 75 in (248 mm).The work is now in the collection of the Kunsthalle Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany. It was the first work of pop art to achieve iconic status. [2] Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Sources 3 Authorship 4 Notes and references [edit]History Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing? was created in 1956 for the catalogue of the exhibition This Is Tomorrow in London, England in which it was reproduced in black and white. In addition, the piece was used in posters for the exhibit. [3] Hamilton and his friends John McHale and John Voelcker had collaborated to create the room that became the best-known part of the exhibition.Hamilton subsequently created several works in which he reworked the subject and composition of the pop art collage, including a 1992 version featuring a female bodybuilder. [edit]Sources The collage consists of images taken mainly from American magazines. The principal template was an image of a modern sitting-room in an advertisement in Ladies Home Journal for Armstrong Floors, which describes the â€Å"modern fashion in floors†. The title is also taken from copy in the advert, which states â€Å"Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?Open planning of course – and a bold use of color. † The body builder is Irvin ‘Zabo' Koszewski, winner of Mr L. A. in 1954. The photograph is taken from Tomorrow's Man magazine, Se ptember 1954. The artist Jo Baer, who posed for erotic magazines in her youth, has stated that she is the burlesque woman on the sofa, but the magazine from which the picture is taken has not been identified. The staircase is taken from an advertisement for Hoover's new model â€Å"Constellation†,and it was sourced from the same issue of Ladies Home Journal, June 1955, as the Armstrong Floors ad.The picture of the cover of Young Romance was from an advertisement for the magazine included in its sister-publication Young Love (no 15, 1950). The TV is a Stromberg-Carlson, taken from a 1955 advert. Hamilton asserted that the rug was a blow-up from a photograph depicting a crowd on the Whitley Bay beach. The image of planet Earth at the top was cut from Life Magazine (Sept 1955). [4] The original reference image for the collage from Life Magazine supplied to Hamilton is in the John McHale archives at Yale University. It was one of the first images to be laid down in the collage. 4 ] The Victorian man in the portrait has not been identified. The periodical on the chair is a copy of The Journal of Commerce, founded by telegraph pioneer Samuel F. B. Morse. [4] The tape recorder is a British-made Boosey & Hawkes â€Å"Reporter†, but the source of the image has not been identified. The view through the window is a widely reproduced photograph of the exterior of a cinema in 1927 showing the premiere of the early â€Å"talkie† film, The Jazz Singer starring Al Jolson; the actual original source of the image has not yet been found. edit]Authorship In 2006, artist John McHale's son, John McHale Jr. , said that his father claimed he was the creator of the image, having provided the original measured design and iconic material for the collage, including the magazines from which much of the collage was assembled. [5] McHale said that the source material was his, sent to Hamilton from Yale University, where McHale was studying, and that Hamilton's role was s imply â€Å"mechanical† cutting out and pasting according to McHale's design. In response, Hamilton said this was â€Å"absurd.The collage has been widely reproduced over the last fifty years and my authorship was never, to my knowledge, contested by John McHale Sr. when he was alive. â€Å"[6] Hamilton said that McHale provided him with a rough layout for six pages for the This is Tomorrow exhibition catalogue, but he only used two of them, and the other pages, including this collage, were created by himself; the American magazines that provided the images were from the collection of Magda and Frank Cordell, and the images were cut out by Hamilton's wife, Terry O'Reilly, and Magda Cordell. 6] Magda Cordell has said that â€Å"some of the material for that collage came from John McHale's files†, while other items came from American magazines brought back by her (from a visit to McHale at Yale), and that the piece was â€Å"put together† by Hamilton. [7] A 2007 article by John-Paul Stonard asserts Hamilton's authorship of the collage, providing an exposition of the sources used by Hamilton and the circumstances

Inclusion and diversity Essay

Identify the current legislations and codes of practise relevant to the promotion of equality and valuing of diversity The special educational needs code of practise 2001 This outlines the Constitutional guidance for the responsibilities towards children with special educational needs. This will likely be replaced with the children and young families bill 2013 Codes of practise on duty to promote race equality (2002) This code of practise makes sure that all schools have a written race equality policy written up. this policy should include information on practical on how schools will promote race equality. These are the outcome school policies should be aiming for. Reducing the gap in educational achievement between different races Improving behaviour Improving relationships between racial groups Ensure staff are working in a school that reflects cultural equality Admissions policy which does not discriminate Removing barriers to achievement This helps schools remove barriers holding back achievement of children with special educational needs and disabilities This is the government vision on how schools should go about children with special educational needs or a disability. Early intervention Removing barriers Raise achievement Disability equality scheme and access plan This ensures all schools produce a disability scheme. This scheme should say how schools go about promoting equality of opportunities for pupils, staff and others with disabilities the should also be an action plan that explains how barriers are removed. School policies Most schools have a mission statement that says how school set out how they are working on inclusion and equality. There will also be written policies, for the right and responsibilities of those within the school. Policies will provide guidance for staff and visitors on ways to ensure inclusive practise. There are a number of policies, which are: Race/cultural diversity Safeguarding/bullying Special educational needs Disability and access Equality of opportunity/inclusive practise Gifted and talented pupils Polices are made in response to legislation and codes of practise. The way schools promote rights and equality for children and young people should be put in these policies. There is a much greater focus on pupil’s outcomes. Schools need to monitor the strengths and weaknesses in policy. 1.2 Describe the importance of supporting the rights of all children and young people to participation and equality access Schools have a duty to ensure that all pupils have access to an equal curriculum not matter their race, gender, culture, additional needs or disability. Raising achievement Making sure all pupils have equal access to the curriculum will help the personal achievement of children and young people. Studies over a number of years have shown that some groups of children do not reach their expected achievement. The groups of children that haven’t met expectations are children from black and minority ethnic groups or children who are vulnerable due to their economic or physical circumstances. Equal opportunity does just treating all pupils the same but ensuring that the curriculum meets all the need of each individual pupil. Improving participation Participation means making sure everyone is involved. There should be time granted to talk to children and their parents about the curriculum. Schools can achieve participation by having student councils and parent evenings, also by just asking children in the classroom how they think they learn best and what could be improved. Developing sense of identity Allowing children to access all of what is happening the school gives them a sense of belonging. When giving children the chance to participate they then feel valued and that they are making a valid contribution. We should also help children and young people become independent learners. We can do this by letting children have the chances to make there own choices they are more likely to be more motivated towards their learning. This will give the children the feeling of self-worth and well-being. Improving relationships between individuals and groups Policies that promote equality and inclusion can only give out a positive message. Children need to have their rights protected and should also be taught about their responsibilities to others. Respect can be promoted to children and young people through your everyday actions as you set an example for the groups you work with. 1.3 Describe the importance and benefits of valuing and promoting cultural diversity in work with children and young people Culture has many different meanings. Culture can be perceived as nationality and religions. This gives groups of people in society their identity. By understanding and promoting different cultural diversities in school help the pupil gain a better understand of one another. It is important the you know the cultural diversities of the pupils within your school especially the children you work with as you will be able to  make links between their own lives and learning. Being able to understand a pupil’s background culture will be the stepping-stone to building and effective relationship. As culture in society is very diverse today diversity should be reflected in the curriculum othroughout. For example, stories and dramas from a wide range of different cultures this will show that you value other cultures and allow pupils to explore different cultures from their own. 2.1 describe ways in which children and young people can experience prejudice and discrimination Prejudice stems from a lack of knowledge and understanding of diversity. Prejudice is jumping to a conclusion about children or young people because they are in a certain group. For example, if a child was disabled assuming they have a learning difficulty. When people are being prejudice they tend to label children. Labels may be given to a single child or a group of children. Labels are formed on a specific characteristic because of prejudice for example, a group of children being labelled the â€Å"naughty† children. There are two types of discrimination children and young people face direct and indirect discrimination Direct discrimination Direct discrimination is when children or young people are not permitted to access a part of the schools curriculum due to their gender, race or disability. For example when a school doesn’t accept a pupil because of their special educational needs or a group of children not allowing another child to participate because of their race. Indirect discrimination This is difficult to spot, this can happen when practise and procedures are used without taking individuals circumstances into consideration. A child may not be directly excluded but due to their circumstances they are unable to participate. 2.2 describe the impact of prejudice and discrimination on children and young  people Prejudice and discrimination will only have a negative effect on children and young people. This will have a big impact on their academic progress of children and also discrimination will have a negative effect on their overall health. Children and young people may feel (when experiencing discrimination) Loss of self esteem Anger Confusion Depression Lack of motivation 2.3 assess how attitudes, values and behaviour could impact on work with children and young people Everyone working within a school has the legal duty to protect the rights of children and young people. You must take into consideration how your attitudes and values have an impact on the way you work with children. The way a child is brought up can have an effect on the way they act towards individuals and groups. Personal prejudice can lead to discriminatory practice; learning about the different religious beliefs of the children that you work with and knowing about any special educational needs or disabilities can overcome this. 2.4 describe the importance of promoting anti-discriminatory practise in work with children and young people The promotion of anti-discriminatory practise should reinforce all work done in schools. Schools should not just have policies and statements put in place about anti-discriminatory practice, schools must demonstrate anti-discriminatory practice. It is important to monitor how good practice has a positive effect on children and young people’s education and general  well being. 2.5 describe how to challenge discrimination To be able to challenge discriminations you have to recognise anti-discriminatory practice. All staff in schools must protect children from discrimination if you ignore it that shows you are condoning this behaviour. You have to take into consideration how a child may feel if they are experiencing discrimination and a member of staff who is meant to be supporting them ignores them. The child may see as you agree with the perpetrator or that the way they are being treated is normal. It can be difficult to challenge if it is practiced or institutional by a colleague so it is important how you approach different and difficult situations. To be able to challenge discrimination you need to have knowledge of policy, practice and procedures. If you’re more familiar with what is a good practice you will be able to handle incidents better when they arise. Discrimination can be intentional or just ignorance and a lack of understanding. It will be hard to change the views of others but you must confront discriminatory actions and comments. When challenging discrimination you must: Explain what has happened Tell them what effect is has on the individual Model ways to ensure anti-discriminatory practice When anti-discriminatory practice arises, you must speak to your manager or supervisor. 3.1 describe what is meant by inclusion and inclusive practice Inclusive practice is identifying, understanding and breaking down barriers of participation. Inclusion is about making sure all pupils within schools  are able to participate no matter their background or situation. Inclusive practices will make everyone feel valued and have a sense of belonging. Inclusion is making sure that everyone is provided with the same opportunity and access to a high quality education. 3.2 describe features of an inclusive setting for children and young people A school ethos is hard to sum up; it becomes clearer once you enter a school building. There is a feeling that everyone matters. Children and young people feel confident when they approach a member of staff. The schools surroundings reflect the diversity within the school. An inclusive setting is being able to use the whole school as an approach to learning. Barriers are identified and methods are come up with to remove them. Children with special educational needs or disabilities, have strategies put in place which focus on that child or young persons needs. A school setting, which is inclusive, will have the following features: Barriers are recognise and staff have a good understanding of individuals and groups of children Barriers are minimised or removed Pupils are educated together and not segregated from their peers Children’s views and opinions are listened to and valued There are clear policies and procedures and are reviewed regularly All staff are trained regularly relating to inclusion Schools work in partnership with their stakeholders School and outside organisations work in partnership 3.3 describe how inclusion works in own sector of the children’s workforce Professionals that work with children must all share a common understanding of values and principles of inclusion. The ways in which these values are practiced are different depending on the type of organisation and its role in education. No matter the organisation the child should always be the centre of practice. Early years foundation and the national curriculum gives clear guidance on an inclusive approach to learning and assessment. Early years foundation have set out requirements for meeting the need of all children under its equal opportunity section. The national curriculum statement states schools must: Provide a curriculum which ensures active participation and achievement of all pupils Meet the needs an interests of all pupils Recognise and overcome potential barriers Recognise pupils entitlement to high quality learning experiences Personalised learning School have began adopting a system of personalised learning in an attempt to raise standards. This focuses on individual children and young people. Personalised learning makes sure that all children no matter their background, special educational needs, culture or disability, attain the support they need to progress. When personalised learning is successful, children and young people experience: Personal targets Staff who have high expectations A challenging curriculum More focused assessment Early identification and intervention when targets are not reached Promoting well-being through an inclusive curriculum A schools key role is to provide a good quality education through a curriculum that is inclusive to everyone but the school also has a wide role to full fill ensuring the well being of children, Every child matters/help children achieve very child matters was introduced in 2003 following the death of victoria climbe, although the emphasis is still on better outcomes for children, what was also highlighted in the inquiry was that services to work more closely to support the needs and right of all children. Schools and other child services should be all working towards these five outcomes: Be healthy Stay safe Enjoy and achieve Make a positive contribution Achieve economic well being

The Impact of Advertising in Our Daily Lives Student

Advertising is a form of communication whose purpose is to fix the attention of a target to induce the desired behavior: purchase product, election of a politician, encouraging environment.. Advertising, to make public action or statement of what is public has come to mean all modern means used to publicize a product, an industrial or commercial to1830. Advertising does influence our consumption? Indeed, advertising influences our choices as consumers, initially targeting its message, then the presence of subliminal image and ending with propaganda. However, advertising is not that this aim, it can also be humanistic objects. Advertising is ubiquitous. Advertising does not leave us indifferent: She seduces,entertains or otherwise irritated, exasperated. The goal is to make known and to bring a product to purchase behavior. Advertising is a product of mass consumption. Theadvertisement conveys the norm of internality: â€Å"You can as long as we confine the means. † Advertising is the vector, creates or reinforces stereotypes. She teaches the components of a lifestyle (hygiene, meals †¦ ) desirable. It relays the consumer aspects of the practice groups that are in dominant positions and luxury products are presentedas accessible to all. They played on and reinforces stereotypes. Advertising is fundamentally conservative. Advertising adapts to customer segments. . Advertising inventing anything. An advertising is so easy for her to come to encourage there are several steps. The development of a commercial complex, the general approachbegins by defining strategy with targets thereof, objectives and constraints, we must then develop the message you want to go and find media to disseminate the advertising. Everything is considered and calculated. Developing a message inside of an advertisement is done by â€Å"copy strategy â€Å". It has promise, a concrete proposal to the consumer, the evidence supporting the promise corresponding to a distinguishing feature of the product, the consumer benefit, as provided by the use of this product, and tone, the elements of messages to create an atmosphere. Then there is the advertisement which consists of visual, written and sound effects. All items are calculated based on the target (the slogan, color, text, grip). Advertising also encourages us through subliminal image. The subliminal image is an image that is undetectable to the naked eye but the brain processes anyway. It should be noted that most existing laws prohibiting such images in advertising. A subliminal message is a stimulus that is not consciously perceived by the person who receives it ,it is beyond the level of consciousness, but it excites the senses well. An example of a subliminal message is in the re-election of Francois Mitterrand to the presidency. The daily of Paris â€Å"accusing him of having received subliminal messages contained in the Generic of journal TV france2. We can clearly see when it stops the picture is a picture of Mitterrand in the credits. However, the trial for â€Å"electoral manipulation† has been lost because the image lasted more than one twenty-fifth of a second, thereby excluding the qualifying subliminal. But there are many other examples. One can see that M6(French TV ) Is taken in offense by the HAC (Higher Audiovisual Council) for airing during the credits to sponsor the show â€Å"Camera Cafe† a subliminal image representing the logo Freedent White, a chewing gum brand Wrigley's . Propaganda is also a way to encourage consumption in our advertising. It is primarily a tool of manipulation. All those who hold power use it to convince, manipulate, and getmembership bid. Religions, sects, governments use them to achieve their ends. For their part, traders, sellers, use advertising which is a form of propaganda. Traders, vendors, seeking to convince people that they hold the secret to make them happy, the secret is obviously their products supposedly miraculous. And the dream continues. Propaganda or advertising, used in all areas: consumer products, sporting, cultural, fashion, electronic gadgets, etc.. All are using advertising to convince people to buy their products. The power of propaganda or advertising is not from the veracity of the facts or the quality of the product and it comes from the persuasiveness of the seller and his ability to convince. The means used must touch the emotions of the customer. It is the intent of the religions, governments, traders, sellers. Everything is used to transfer theresistance and get people to buy, to become passionate followers, fanatics. Wealways call to emotions rather than reason, as it is with emotion that we submit to it as easily. Despite the manipulative side of advertising, communication can be more humanistic goals. Road safety has constantly need to communicate, need to be present in the eyes of drivers. It therefore makes advertising campaigns to sensitize the impact of alcohol, drugs, phone or driving too fast. In this case, the short films that can be seen on television as advertising are not intended to influence or manipulate but to educate, raise awareness to the driver that he is endangering himself and others and should therefore be careful. The images are harsh, violent, traumatic. By dint of constantly saying that we should not drink and drive, using advertising campaigns, present and future generations will be increasingly sophisticated and advertising will be served with human goals. Advertising against alcohol and drugs at the wheel are more common on our television screens to educate young drivers and other road hazards. The side of the advertising that appears next is a more objective, we do not sell anything, it merely gives advice that is useful. Do not take the road hazards and the lightly advertising makes us feel good. Found in this type of advertising to target a more human side. Manipulation is not the goal of this campaign. The AIDS campaign is high profile, many commercials are created, like those for road safety awareness, prevent risks. These are general interest campaigns to raise awareness of a social or economic problem. They are nonprofit. There are different kinds of campaigns of this kind, such as prevention against smoking, the presidential campaigns, the introduction of TNT on all TV. These ads are aimed to prevent, anticipate, fight, act on economic or social problems. In conclusion, advertising is a form of communication that greatly influences our consumption. One can almost qualify as a science because everything is calculated for one is like to eat what we saw, or we will create the need for what we heard. Advertising manipulates us in our buying behavior. We identify with the characters in advertisings; we create needs, and must be filled. Advertising hide flaws because it transmits he new movements of fashion or appearance to the company embarks and followsthis movement with no questions asked to fit the new mold. However, advertising has a positive side when it comes to raise awareness of the dangers of drinking and driving, or protect themselves against AIDS. It therefore has a more human purpose when not used for profit to sell us the latest product of such a mark. Chapter one: The origin of advertising 1-history of advertising: Egyptians used papyrus to make sales messages and wall posters. Commercial messages and political campaign displays have been found in the ruins of Pompeii and ancient Arabia. Lost and found advertising on papyrus was common in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Wall or rock painting for commercial advertising is another manifestation of an ancient advertising form, which is present to this day in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. The tradition of wall painting can be traced back to Indian rock art paintings that date back to 4000 BC. ]History tells us that Out-of-home advertising and billboards are the oldest forms of advertising. As the towns and cities of the Middle Ages began to grow, and the general populace was unable to read, signs that today would say cobbler, miller, tailor or blacksmith would use an image associated with their trade such as a boot, a suit, a hat, a clock, a diamond, a horse shoe, a candle or even a bag of flour. Fruits and vegetables were sold in the city square from the backs of carts and wagons and their proprietors used street callers (town criers) to announce their whereabouts for the convenience of the customers. As education became an apparent need and reading, as well as printing, developed advertising expanded to include handbills. In the 17th century advertisements started to appear in weekly newspapers in England. These early print advertisements were used mainly to promote books and newspapers, which became increasingly affordable with advances in the printing press; and medicines, which were increasingly sought after as disease ravaged Europe. However, false advertising and so-called â€Å"quack† advertisements became a problem, which ushered in the regulation of advertising content. As the economy expanded during the 19th century, advertising grew alongside. In the United States, the success of this advertising format eventually led to the growth of mail-order advertising. In June 1836, French newspaper La Presse was the first to include paid advertising in its pages, allowing it to lower its price, extend its readership and increase its profitability and the formula was soon copied by all titles. Around 1840, Volney B. Palmer established the roots of the modern day advertising agency in Philadelphia. In 1842 Palmer bought large amounts of space in various newspapers at a discounted rate then resold the space at higher rates to advertisers. The actual ad- the copy, layout, and artwork- was stilled prepared by the company wishing to advertise; in effect, Palmer was a space broker. The situation changed in the late 19th century when the advertising agency of N. W. Ayer & Son was founded. Ayer and Son offered to plan, create, and execute complete advertising campaigns for its customers. By 1900 the advertising agency had become the focal point of creative planning, and advertising was firmly established as a profession. Around the same time, in France, Charles-Louis Havas extended the services of his news agency, Havas to include advertisement brokerage, making it the first French group to organize. At first, agencies were brokers for advertisement space in newspapers. N. W. Ayer & Son was the first full-service agency to assume responsibility for advertising content. N. W. Ayer opened in 1869, and was located in Philadelphia. At the turn of the century, there were few career choices for women in business; however, advertising was one of the few. Since women were responsible for most of the purchasing done in their household, advertisers and agencies recognized the value of women's insight during the creative process. In fact, the first American advertising to use a sexual sell was created by a woman – for a soap product. Although tame by today's standards, the advertisement featured a couple with the message â€Å"The skin you love to touch†. . In the early 1920s, the first radio stations were established by radio equipment manufacturers and retailers who offered programs in order to sell more radios to consumers. As time passed, many non-profit organizations followed suit in setting up their own radio stations, and included: schools, clubs and civic groups. When the practice of sponsoring programs was popularised, each individual radio program was usually sponsored by a single business in exchange for a brief mention of the business' name at the beginning and end of the sponsored shows. However, radio station owners soon realised they could earn more money by selling sponsorship rights in small time allocations to multiple businesses throughout their radio station's broadcasts, rather than selling the sponsorship rights to single businesses per show. This practice was carried over to television in the late 1940s and early 1950s. A fierce battle was fought between those seeking to commercialise the radio and people who argued that the radio spectrum should be considered a part of the commons – to be used only non-commercially and for the public good. The United Kingdom pursued a public funding model for the BBC, originally a private company, the British Broadcasting Company, but incorporated as a public body by Royal Charter in 1927. In Canada, advocates like Graham Spry were likewise able to persuade the federal government to adopt a public funding model, creating theCanadian Broadcasting Corporation. However, in the United States, the capitalist model prevailed with the passage of theCommunications Act of 1934 which created the Federal Communications Commission. [5] However, the U. S. Congress did require commercial broadcasters to operate in the â€Å"public interest, convenience, and necessity†. 6] Public broadcasting now exists in the United States due to the 1967 Public Broadcasting Act which led to the Public Broadcasting Service and National Public Radio. In the early 1950s, the Dumont Television Network began the modern practice of selling advertisement time to multiple sponsors. Previously, DuMont had trouble finding sponsors for many of their programs and compensated by selling smaller blocks of advertising time to several businesses. This eventually became the standard for the commercial televi sion industry in the United States. However, it was still a common practice to have single sponsor shows, such as The United States Steel Hour. In some instances the sponsors exercised great control over the content of the show—up to and including having one's advertising agency actually writing the show. The single sponsor model is much less prevalent now, a notable exception being the Hallmark Hall of Fame. The 1960s saw advertising transform into a modern approach in which creativity was allowed to shine, producing unexpected messages that made advertisements more tempting to consumers' eyes. The Volkswagen ad campaign—featuring such headlines as â€Å"Think Small† and â€Å"Lemon† (which were used to describe the appearance of the car)—ushered in the era of modern advertising by promoting a â€Å"position† or â€Å"unique selling proposition† designed to associate each brand with a specific idea in the reader or viewer's mind. This period of American advertising is called the Creative Revolution and its archetype was William Bernbach who helped create the revolutionary Volkswagen ads among others. Some of the most creative and long-standing American advertising dates to this period. The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the introduction of cable television and particularly MTV. Pioneering the concept of the music video, MTV ushered in a new type of advertising: the consumer tunes in for the advertising message, rather than it being a by-product or afterthought. As cable and satellite television became increasingly prevalent, specialty channels emerged, including channels entirely devoted to advertising, such as QVC, Home Shopping Network, andShopTV Canada. Marketing through the Internet opened new frontiers for advertisers and contributed to the â€Å"dot-com† boom of the 1990s. Entire corporations operated solely on advertising revenue, offering everything from coupons to free Internet access. At the turn of the 21st century, a number of websites including the search engine Google, started a change in online advertising by emphasizing contextually relevant, unobtrusive ads intended to help, rather than inundate, users. This has led to a plethora of similar efforts and an increasing trend of interactive advertising.

Law of succession Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Law of succession - Assignment Example Browne. The deceased will of Mr. Harbottle was homemade and was formulated in the year 2010 on 22nd March. Circumstantially, Mr. Browne appointed Ms. Josie Morrison, who is a professional solicitor of Morrison and Jeffries LLP with the aim of advising him with regard to certain issues with respect to the will signed by Mr. Harbottle. To be specific, in the will, the name of the executor who is Mr. Browne has been misspelled as ‘Mr. Brown’. Moreover, the address of Mr. Browne has been inscribed wrongly in the will which has again raised confusions regarding the gains of Mr. Browne from the will by Mr. Harbottle. Furthermore, as the will was roughly torn, which damaged the date of signing the will, the specifications mentioned in the same became hardly interpretable that again increased confusions. Additionally, the last two letters of the surname of the testator was also found torn wherein Mr. Browne denied any such careless act from his end and also did not depict any si gnificant interest of the gifted amount of ?50,000 being wealthy in his own right. Sometimes back, Mr. Browne formulated his will and assigned Harriet Reid, the accountant of Mr. Browne, to be his executor. Mr. Browne further deciphered his unwillingness to accept the gift offered through the will by Mr. Harbottle in order to prevent high tax imposition. Mr. Browne has planned to provide this sum to the daughter of his gardener, Mary Stapleton for her university study. Additionally, the case scenario depicts that Mr. Browne is pleased with the service of Ms. Morrison and has therefore planned to pay her a sum of ?5000 be means of inheritance in his will. The will of Mr. Browne also specifies that if she dies before Mr. Browne, the sum will be paid to her husband. Discussion The Issues Which Are Identified In the Case Mr. Browne has observed that there are number of issues in relation to the deceased will of Mr. Harbottle. As Mr. Browne is the ultimate executor of the will, he has ra ised the issue that his name has been misspelled as ‘Brown’ instead of ‘Browne’ in the will. Moreover, Mr. Browne has also noticed that the address which has been mentioned in the will is inappropriate or wrong as Mr. Browne resides in a different place when the will was formed. Additionally, Mr. Browne and Late Mr. Harbottle were dweller of a same village but Mr. Browne could not remember to promise to execute the will of Harbottle owing to the absence of any deep relation with Mr. Harbottle. However, Mr. Browne is willing to carry out the will even though he is reluctant to accept the entire amount gifted due to tax implications and has thus planned to gift the amount to his gardener’s daughter if obtained [Wilson v. Beddard (1841) 12 Sim. 28]1. In this regard, Mr. Browne is seemed to be confused about the procedures which are required for the appropriate execution of the will. Contextually, it is important that the name as well as address of an ex ecutor or executors should be mentioned in detail taking into account the up-dated data for better validity of the will. Eventually, the misspelled name of the executor may restrict Mr. Browne from executing the will of Late Mr. Harbottle. Moreover, the address of Mr. Browne was also mentioned as incorrect. As per the ‘Inheritance (Provision for Family and Dependants) Act 1975’ the name and address of an executors or executors are required to be mentioned correctly for the appropriate execution of the will of a late person2 [Barrett v Bem [2012] EWCA Civ 52]3. Furthermore, an

Monetary policy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Monetary policy - Research Paper Example It lays a vital role in opening up the financial market of a country. It also has supervisory powers, aimed at limiting banks and financial intermediaries from reckless behaviour. In developed nations Central banks are independent so that they operate under rules made to help them operate in a political free management (Kurgan and Wells 387). Therefore, this paper aims at obtaining a deep analysis on the role of central bank in use and implementation of monetary policy to stabilize the economy. This will be with respect to the great depression of 1929 to early 1940s. Monetary policy is the mean through which the monetary tools of a country control the flow of money. It mostly focuses on the rate of interest with an aim of promoting economic growth and stability. It is key role is to sustain, stable prices and maintain low levels of unemployment. Monetary policy can either be expansionary of contractionary. Expansionary policies increase the supply of money in the economy while the co ntractionary measurers reduce the total money supply to the economy (Bofinger, Reischle and Schachter 123). Expansionary policy is theoretically used to control unemployment in a recession by lowering interest rates in the view that easy credit will motivate businesses into expanding. Contractionary policy is intended to slow inflation in a view of curbing the resulting deterioration and distortions of asset values. The Monetary policies advocated by the central bank helps in fostering the growth of financial market by encouraging open market operations. It is the most used tool by the central bank of each country to correct any economic disorder or to set the pace of a country economic growth (Bofinger, Reischle and Schachter 170). Economic depression is an economic slowdown where the gross domestic product is expected to decline at around 10%. To give rise to greet economic depression, the gross domestic product was believed to have declined by at least 33% per annum. This is the worst in history so far. Economic depression is characterized by; reduced consumption by individuals and the government, increased liquidation of the banking system or narrowing of financial market to the extent that it cannot allocate capital inflow to various sectors of the economy, high levels of unemployment expressed in two digits, insolvency of economic driving companies, a reduction in the wage rate for example, during the great economic depression it reduced sixty percent and acute shortage of money supply in the economy. Thus, depression can be defined as a recession that lasts longer and has a massive decline in business activity thus a slowdown in economic growth (Bofinger, Reischle and Schachter 213). Central bank and monetary policy with respect to the great depression of 1929 to early 1940s can be analyzed from different views. The great depression lasted for 10 years. This occurred when the shares traded in a day tripled followed by a drastic fall in price by about 24 %. The great economic depression was characterized by an increased rate in unemployment which increased by 22% of the total country workforce. The total gross domestic product reduced by half as the price fell by 10%. The depression also caused farmers to lose their farms, and this made them together with the unemployed to move to urban areas in search of daily earnings, this lead to development of shanties thus creation more problems. There were massive bank failures and

Research and Analysis of Business Problems Essay

Research and Analysis of Business Problems - Essay Example (Anon. 2009) - 1. Its revenues are highly dependent on the sales of trucks and SUVs which are quite famous in the market. Of late, the demand for these heavy vehicles has started to dwindle due to the ongoing recession since 2007. 2008 has particularly been a very difficult year for the automotive as well as Ford motor company. Questions are being raised about its very sustainability because the demand for its famous products has fallen very drastically. Not only that, because the company did not think of catering to the small car market from past ten years, many loyal customers who are in need of such cars are now shifting towards other companies. The result of such lapse in conquering the small car market is the closure of 12 manufacturing facility units in North America. Not only that, several tough decisions like layoffs and attritions have also been taken in the recent past. Buyouts were also undertaken to reduce the U.S. payroll. These are the general issues which every automotive company would face. However, capturing the North American markets and entry into emerging markets through its small and midsize car production are the necessary actions to be taken up to ensure sustainability and improve on its balance sheet. For this, it needs to do responsible restructuring instead of downsizing the company. It needs to shift its workers from the production of the trucks and SUVs to small and midsized cars. Thus, it can address the ethical issues which encircled the organization during the previous attritions. Feasibility analysis has to be conducted to understand the expected demand for its small and midsized cars. According to that demand, it needs to estimate the production for which cost-benefit analysis has to be drawn out. This will clarify the term within which the company plans to return back to profitability. In this way, the previous miss-management of issues can be curbed to a large extent and the

Reaction to a video Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reaction to a video - Essay Example Little did I know that in the history of America, a Black adolescent could be shot dead for having whistled to a white woman. Before watching this video, this whole racism thing seemed like a melodrama to me but after having seen this video, things have started to make more sense to me and I can now understand why people take racism so seriously. I had not learned about this before probably because I never understood the importance and gravity of the real issue. Basically there is a whole history, and a very tragic and dark history of America when it comes to the people of color in general and the Black people in particular. It would be totally wrong to suggest that circumstances and conditions for the Black Americans today are the same as they were in the 1950s. However, this does not mean that the radical change in the status and acceptability of the Black Americans in America since 1950s has made the study of such videos irrelevant. I think that this topic should definitely be tau ght in the high schools in America even if racial discrimination is not as apparent in the American society today as it was before so that our children and young generation can really understand the seriousness of the issue like I did after watching this video. ... It breaks my heart to see Emmett Till’s mother narrate the tragic account of his only son’s murder at this age. Especially when she says, â€Å"†¦I saw that his tongue was chopped out. I noticed that the right eye was lying on midway his cheek†¦.† (Mobley). At the same time, I feel proud of that brave and courageous lady for having the guts to show his body as such to the world â€Å"I think everybody needed to know what had happened to Emmett Till† (Mobley). The picture of Emmett Till’s mutilated dead body oozes a very strong message that can shake the foundations of the law-making and law-enforcing agencies and organizations of our country. Unfortunate and tragic events like this should not be forgotten and should always be shown to the young generation to instill hatred for racism in their hearts and to motivate them to behave in a civilized manner in the society. This sad event also has some lessons for the young generation; lesson of bravery can be learned from Willie Reed who stood up against the whole crowd of White men and testified how Emmett Till had been killed. Even though Many Till could not get the justice she was looking for, yet the murder of her only son and the trial and then acquittal of the murderers created such a spur both in the national and in the international sphere, that exposed the racist face of America as well as the lack of justice in American institutions and also became the basis of the Montgomery Bus Boycott, ultimately leading to equality of rights between the Black and White Americans. Racism has lost strength in the roots of the society which it had back in the 1950s, but it has not altogether vanished. Even today, several accounts of racism are witnessed in

The impact of advertising on children and youth Thesis

The impact of advertising on children and youth - Thesis Example Advertising through media options have often been argued, mostly in the negative connotation, to strongly influence the children and youth. Correspondingly, whether media exposure has been one of the major contributory factors towards the degrading social contexts, especially within the segment comprising of children and youth, has been a commonly debated issue in the global plethora (Villani, 2001). Where scientists accuse these media advertising to influence the psychological as well as the physical growth of the children and the youth, socialists argue 21st century advertising to encourage violence within the society. Stating precisely, obesity, learning behavior of children and youth, lifestyle preferences of these populaces and on the whole the development of these individuals have been widely argued as strongly influenced by advertising in the recent phenomenon (Wiecha and Kim, 2013; Kunkel et. al., 2004). Where on one hand, the significance of advertising has increased in the industrial context; on the other hand, social issues such as school drop-outs, teenage pregnancy rate, violent acts performed by young adolescents as well as obesity has also increased. Hence, researchers have often been inclined towards examining any possible linkage between these alterations in the industrial and the social contexts which has, in major instances, led to the classification of advertising as a negative force in this context. It is worth mentioning in this context that advertising is applied with the sole intention to generate awareness amid the targeted audiences. However, when concentrating on the impacts caused by advertising on the children and youth, either positive or negative, it can be observed that not the intention but the contents of advertising tend to impose major influences on these populaces (Diaz, 2011). Apparently, owing to the fact that a majority of the audiences of media today comprises children or youth, it becomes quite challenging to exclude th ese populaces from the audience group even though the message conveyed through the advertising is actually intended towards other age group people. Role of parental guidance has also been argued in this context which is expected to obstruct the negative influences caused by advertising on the adolescents. However, studies conducted with emphasis on this particular aspect, yet lack precise connotation to the linkage or the impact caused by advertising on children and youth along with the limitation of rational judgments on the role of family as well as the advertisers to combat such an issue (The Australian Psychological Society, 2000). This thesis will be aimed at assessing the linkage between advertising initiatives through television, internet as well as print media and the development of children and youth from a social perspective taking into account the various measures recently adopted by governmental bodies, industrial communities as well as social organizations. With this ai m, the thesis will critically evaluate the psychological as well as the physical impacts caused by advertising on the populaces (i.e. the children and youth) suggesting few remedial actions based on the identified benefits and risks associated with such media exposures. Advertising to the Young Audiences Advertising to the young audiences, that is to the children and the youth has been proved to be quite beneficial for the advertising industry throughout the globe. It has been apparently observed in this similar circumstance that the advertising industry spends nearly about $12 billion per year on making advertisements particularly targeting to the

Language and psycholinguistics method for research Essay

Language and psycholinguistics method for research - Essay Example A fully fledged research was carried out among 28 students in this study. Our results states phonological awareness plays an important role in word reading and the non words arranged similar to the actual words do stimulate the correct word reading extensively. We all read several words daily, from film posters to the major office documents. The ability to understand words is important in every persons life as it is an important factor affecting ones knowledge. Lexical decision checks the ability of the person to differentiate between words and non words and identify phonological and semantically primed words. There are a series of experiments conducted to test a person’s lexical decision. This results correlated are used for several different purposes from understanding how people with disabilities in hearing and the normal humans intercept words to determining how the people lexical decision ability influences their reading skill. Human brain processes millions of words every day. How does it identify the meaning of each different word? Collins and Loftus (1975) stated knowledge is stored and processed in the form of nodes. A semantic network stores millions of nodes. One stimulus arouses several related nodes. For example when a person hears the word "car" he automatically associates it with related nodes like "driver", "road" and "speed" rather than other totally different nodes like "dress" and "television". The experiments carried out by various people like McClelland and Rumelhart (1986) have confirmed this concept of relative nodes awakening. The process is termed as "Priming". The researchers also proposed the Parallel Distributed Processing model to enhance the studies about priming. The concept "Priming" helps us understand the mechanism behind understanding words. Pamela Markek says "a concept is represented by a pattern of activation, rather than by activation of a single node". A person’s brain

Philosophy- Does God exist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philosophy- Does God exist - Essay Example If so, then there must be a mover. This mover cannot be the thing itself for a thing cannot itself to move. So it must have been a first unmoved mover, i.e. God. Therefore, God exists. For many years, I was convinced of Aquinas’ argument until I learned of a philosopher who was quite skeptical of Aquinas’ ways. His name is David Hume. Hume was an empiricist who accepted the senses as the source of knowledge. He formulated his empiricist principle based on what we can know through our senses alone. Thus, metaphysical notions such as â€Å"God† are, for Hume, imaginary fictions of our minds, due to our notion of cause and effect. Therefore, the idea of a God is meaningless for Hume. â€Å"So God does not exist?† Asked my friend. â€Å"Hume does not think that should be the question to ask. But rather, is man capable of knowing if there’s anything beyond the realm of sense experience? And the answer is: we don’t know.† I answered. â€Å" But there must be a way to know!† My friend said. So I told her about a philosopher named Rene Descartes. Descartes was, unlike Hume, a rationalist. He provided three proofs for God’s existence. Only one however, drew my attention as well. Here, Descartes uses the process of elimination when asking whether I, who has an idea of a perfect being, can exist without that perfect being, i.e. God.

How to Take Notes from Reading Essay Example for Free

How to Take Notes from Reading Essay http://www.ehow.com/how_9258_reading-notes.html (retrieved on 16/06/13) The instructions that are given in that website are accurate and reliable because they provide readers with good strategies that should be followed in taking notes from reading books, articles, and so on. These strategies are commonly used among readers. Readers should read just the abstract, introduction, and conclusion to get a big picture about a book or an article’s main points. Then, they should take notes of the main ideas and record all relevant details that are related to them; also, jot down what is repeated such as concepts and formulates. In addition to that, they should date their notes, number them, and paraphrase them. Moreover, they should use abbreviations and symbols in their notes and develop an ideal organizational format such as an outline and a map. Also, they should leave room in the margin for additional questions and thoughts. http://www.ehow.com/how_9258_reading-notes.html (retrieved on 16/06/13) The instructions from this website are slightly different from the first one. Readers here are instructed to date their notes and jot down bibliographic information beside the date including the writer’s name, the title, the publication, and the date of publication Then, they should make the structure of their notes as the structure of the book or the article; in addition to that, they should write facts and opinions in a way that will make them clear when they review their notes, and they should do the same thing for writing quotations and summaries. Then, they should review their reading notes again and again. http://www.studygs.net/marking.htm (retrieved on 16/06/13) This website provides different way of taking notes from reading. First, Readers are instructed to read the first chapter of a textbook and focus on understanding the material; they should not take any notes while reading because they may take many notes without understanding them. Then, they should locate the main idea as well as the major details and paraphrase that information. In addition to that, they should summarize that data and record the source of the information.

Sodium Hydroxide Essay Example for Free

Sodium Hydroxide Essay Research Question: When constant successive portions of Sodium Hydroxide are added to Acetic Acid; how do the changing amounts of Sodium hydroxide mixed with Acetic Acid in the conical flask affect the pKa of Acetic Acid? Background Research: A weak acid is defined as being an acid that does not donate all of its hydrogen ions in a solution (Neuss, 2007) A weak acid represented by HA will always be in equilibrium with its ions in an aqueous solution, for example: HA (aq) H+(aq) + A-(aq) The equilibrium constant will thus be given as products over reactants by: Ka is most commonly known as the acid dissociation constant. The pKa is just the pH of the Ka i.e. pKa = -logKa and is used as a quantitative measure the strength of a weak acid in solution. Acetic acid (CH3COOH) is a weak acid and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), on the other hand, is a strong base and reacts with Acetic acid (CH3COOH) to produce water (H2O) and a salt (NaCH3OO) as follows: CH3COOH + NaOH H2O + NaCH3OO A method called a Titration provides information about the behavior of acids through the pH scale. In a titration, base is gradually added until the acid reaches an endpoint or equivalence point. When the equivalence point is reached, the pH of the solution will change rapidly, because all the acid has reacted with the added base. A pH meter can be used to determine the pH of the acid throughout the titration, and can be used to determine the equivalence point. When carefully measured volumes of strong base are added to a solution of weak acid and the pH is noted, a graph can be drawn with pH on the y axis and the volume on the x axis. The graph is known as the Titration/pH curve and the theoretical pH curve of the neutralization reaction between Acetic acid and Sodium Hydroxide is provided below: Figure 1: Theoretical Titration curve of Acetic acid and Sodium Hydroxide. This picture was obtained through www.google.com/images/titrationcurve The flat portion of the titration curve before the end point (refer to figure 1) is called the buffer region. In this part of the pH scale, that the Acetic acid and Sodium hydroxide are both preset in significant concentrations and the solution resists changes in pH. In the middle of the buffer region lies the half equivalence point. Here the volume of base added is half that required to reach the equivalence point. We can determine the pKa or Ka of an acid by finding the pH when half way to the endpoint of the titration since pKa = -log Ka (refer to figure 1). A smaller Ka value suggests a larger pKa value. The larger the pKa value the weaker the acid. Base solution is added until the equivalence point is reached. Thus, to determine the pKa of Acetic acid, the amounts of base mixed with acid will vary, the pH will be measured at regular intervals which will ultimately allow the pKa to be determined. Hypothesis: In this experiment, the amount of Sodium Hydroxide released from the burette will never change. What changes, however, is how much base is in the conical flask. To begin with there will be no base but when 1cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide is added then there is 1mL of Sodium Hydroxide in the conical flask. Then when another 1 cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide is added there will be 2mL of Sodium Hydroxide in the conical flask. So what is changed is the amount of base in the conical flask and it is this amount of base that changes the pKa. Thus, I hypothesize that as the amount of Sodium Hydroxide increases, pH will gradually increase until it reaches the end point where there will be a sudden increase. Afterwards, the amount of base will overtake the Acetic acid and this would result in a plateau in the pH curve. Aspect 2 Defining Independent and Dependent Variables Table 1: Dependent and Independent Variables Independent The amount of base (Sodium hydroxide) mixed with acid. In other words, the volume of NaOH dropped into the acid is controlled but what is changed is the amount of base in the conical flask. (1 cm3 will always be followed with 1 cm3, there will be no change in how much you put in each time; what changes is how much acid there is in the beaker) Dependent The pH of the solution Controlling Variables Table 2: Variables and Methods of Control Type Variable Method of Control Controlled The volume of the Acetic acid will be controlled 20 cm3 of the Acetic acid will be measured out using a Mohr pipette and then carefully released into the conical flask The pressure under which the experiment is carried out. All experiments will be conducted standard laboratory conditions, which means at 1atm pressure The Temperature under which each experiment is conducted. All experiments will be conducted in the same room within quick succession. The amount of base added to conical flask each time Successive portions of 1 cm3 of NaOH will be added to the conical flask until it reaches the endpoint Human judgment errors The person conducting the experiment must read from the burette in which holds the NaOH. By using the same person for each experiment- the error of judgment will be kept constant. Aspect 3 Materials and Equipment List (enough for 1 titration including the rough titration) 1 x 50 +/- 0.05 cm3 Burette 1 x Burette Stand and clamp 1 x funnel 1 x 100 +/-0.050 cm3 Conical flask GLX pH probe 1L Distilled Water 1 x 20 +/- 0.020 cm3 Mohr Pipette 50 cm3 of Acetic Acid concentration of approximately 0.1mol dm -3 100 cm3 Sodium Hydroxide solution 0. 1mol dm -3 Safety Glasses White Paper Graph Paper Pen Pencil, for drawing the Graph Rubber Gloves (in case of glass breakage) 1 x White tile 1 x Standard Bulb 50 cm3 bottle of Phenolphthalein indicator (only 4 drops are required) Paper towels (for cleaning) Figure 2: Conical Flask Figure 3: Burette Figure 4: Mohr Pipette These pictures were all obtained from www.google.com/images General Method 1. Before commencing this experiment it was made sure that all involved in the experiment were wearing the safety goggles and a lab coat to avoid risk of injury (refer to table 3) 2. The Titration was set up as follows, with the clamp holding the burette and the funnel at the top of the burette. The conical flask should be placed on a white tile underneath the burette. The burette should be clamped so that its tip is within the conical flask but above the surface of the solution. Figure 5: Titration set-up 3. The burette was then rinsed with distilled water to ensure that it is clean and to avoid errors 4. Usually experimenters cannot reach the top of the burette when its placed on a lab bench, so as a result, the burette and the burette stand were placed on the ground and Sodium Hydroxide was carefully poured to the first digit on the top of the burette (usually 0) via the funnel. The initial reading of the burette was then recorded in the results table, refer to table 3. Afterwards, the burette was returned to its original position on the top of the bench 5. The Mohr pipette was then checked for chips and cracks and was rinsed several times to ensure accurate volume measurements 6. Afterwards, the Mohr pipette was used to collect 20 cm3 of acid (Please refer to the Using Mohr pipette method) and the acid was then poured into the conical flask 7. Immediately following, the GLX pH probe, refer to GLX probe method, was adjusted and the head was placed in the acid, the pH of the initial acid was recorded in the results table, refer to table 3 8. 2 drops of Phenolphthalein was then added to the acid. The Phenolphthalein is an indicator which means it turns pink when base is added, an indication of endpoint would be that the liquid in the conical flask turns pink 9. To begin with, a rough Titration was be done to estimate the endpoint 10. In a rough Titration the tap was opened, and the base was simultaneously released into the conical flask until the liquid turned pink in which the tap was closed. When the liquid turned pink the final pH was recorded in the results table. Also record the final reading of the burette. The Rough Titration is only an indication and so should not be used in data analysis. 11. After the Rough Titration, the solution in the conical flask was discarded in the sink. Since the products were neutralized solutions of common salts they can safely be disposed of down the sink. 12. The conical flask was then washed with distilled water and 20 cm3 of Acetic acid was then poured into it via the Mohr pipette. And immediately following this, the GLX pH probe was placed inside the acid. Sodium Hydroxide was also then poured into the burette, using the method discussed in point 4, to top it up 13. The titration was then initiated, and successive portions of 1 cm3 of Sodium Hydroxide were added to the conical flask. After each addition, the burette and pH readings were obtained and recorded. If the person doing the experiment is right handed, then their right hand should be used to open and close the tap to allow Sodium Hydroxide to drip out and their left hand should be used to swirl the solutions in the conical flask. Swirling is important as the pH may drift until a completely homogenous solution is achieved. The same principle applies to left handers, except they would of course use their left hand instead of their right hand to release the NaOH. 14. The Titration was continued until the pH reached 12, the final burette reading was also recorded 15. This titration process (steps 11-14) was repeated another two times, allowing more reliable results. 16. After the Titration the benches were wiped down using paper towels, the solution was discarded in the sink and the glassware was placed in the designated container. Hands were washed before leaving the laboratory. 17. By the results gathered, a Titration curve can be drawn. The pH would simple be on the y axis while the volume of the base would be on the x axis. The pKa can be determined by finding the pH halfway to the endpoint of the Titration curve. GLX pH probe method: 1. The probe was first turned on and then pH probe section was plugged in at the top. 2. The pH probe section was then placed into the Acetic acid 3. Automatically, a pH reading appeared on the screen 4. When enough data was collected the recorded was stopped and the probe was unplugged 5. The GLX pH probe was then plugged into a laptop to export the data to the computers hard drive Using Mohr Pipette method: 1. The standard bulb was attached to the end of the pipette by carefully fitting the bulb at the end of the pipette 2. The pipette tip was then placed below the surface of the liquid and the bulb was squeezed to draw the liquid up. 3. The volume of the Acetic acid in the pipette was determined by reading the meniscus of the pipette 4. The pipette was then held above the conical flask, and the bulb was released to release all the liquid into the conical flask Table 3: The results table pH recorded Rough Titration Volume of Sodium Hydroxide added Amount of base in the conical flask (burette reading) 1st Trail 2nd Trail 3rd Trial Initial burette reading (cm3) 1 cm3 1 cm3 Final burette reading (cm3) 1cm3 2 cm3 Volume of Titration (cm3) 1cm3 3 cm3 1 cm3 4 cm3 1cm3 5 cm3 Note: The purple shaded region is the rough Titration. The volume of Sodium Hydroxide added each time will always be 1 cm3 but the Amount of base in the conical flask will change. Also, the patterns in this table should be continued until the Amount of base in the conical flask is at least 30 cm3. The pH will be recorded via the GLX data probe. Safety Precautions Table 4 : The risks involved in the experiment and safety precautions to reduce the risks Name Risk Precautions Sodium Hydroxide Can cause serious burns, however the 0.1 concentration of Sodium Hydroxide cannot cause harmful burns unless excessive amounts of it are poured on the skin. Harmful by ingestion and skin contact. Safety Glasses are needed to reduce the risk of injury if a spill occurs. Avoid skin contact with Sodium Hydroxide as well as ingestion. Acetic acid Causes burns, however the 0.1 concentration of Acetic acid cannot cause harmful burns unless excessive amounts of it are poured on the skin. Harmful by ingestion and skin contact. Safety Glasses should be worn the entire time to reduce the risk of injury. Gloves and Lab coat should be worn to avoid skin irritation. Avoid skin contact with Acetic acid. Glass wear Breakages can cause cuts and serious chemical spills Wearing rubber gloves make sure that all broken glass is disposed of appropriately. The burette should also be handled very carefully as it is very fragile. Spillage of Sodium Hydroxide or Acetic acid Can cause serious burns Wash any spills copiously with water BIBLIOGRAPHY * Volumetric analysis. 4 Feb 2009 http://www.uwplatt.edu/chemep/chem/chemscape/LABDOCS/CATOFP/measurea/volume/pipet/pipet4.htm. * Acid-base titrations. Wikipedia. 4 Feb 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid-base_titration. * pKa and LogP Measurements. 4 Feb 2009 http://www.raell.demon.co.uk/chem/logp/logppka.htm. * pKa of a weak acid. 4 Feb 2009 http://209.85.173.132/search?q=cache:E6yRz3RiHlwJ:www.profpaz.com/Files/chem102/Exp_10.pdf+%22volume+at+equivalence+point%22hl=enct=clnkcd=1gl=au. * Neuss, Geoffrey. Chemistry . London: Oxford, 2007. * Neuss, Geoffrey. Chemistry For the IB diploma. London: Oxford, 2007. Cited using http://citationmachine.net/index2.php

Critical Analysis of Hospital in the Home Programs

Critical Analysis of Hospital in the Home Programs INTRODUCTION Health economics is linked to obtaining of maximum advantage of money spent for medical healthcare. The effectiveness of the healthcare infrastructure available needs to be linked to value of money. This is a step towards cost effectiveness with improved efficiency. Cost effectiveness is outcome of the best use of resources to achieve the desired outcome. (Haycox, 2009). Cost advantages of a ‘hospital in the home’ program The cost of healthcare services especially the acute care has increased that has compelled the governments to plan strategy for alternate methods and accordingly Hospital in the home (HITH) has been developed in response to this challenge. The studies have different views whether HITH provides cost savings compared with in-hospital care (IHC). There are differences in perception of HITH because of complexities involved in diseases. The culture also plays an important part especially while recognizing the beliefs and impact of patient’s health. The difference in view comes on surface during the interaction with health care professionals, health care practices and health care outcomes. These differences make the valid comparison with traditional hospitalization and HITH ( Macintyre, Druth Ansari 2002). Hospital at Home is an innovative model established to provide hospital level care to patient when he is at home instead of being admitted in hospital. The program has become suc cess and is adopted by health systems and home care providers mainly as a tool to reduce the cost without sacrificing the patient safety, quality of medical care and satisfaction. The patients admitted for hospital in the home need to meet the specific medical eligibility criteria. It is suggested by number of doctors that many patients would be better off being treated at home instead of in hospitals. Nothing to blame the organizations but the cost of hospitalization depends upon cost of doctors fee and salaries to other supporting staff. Though it is expensive for patients to be in hospitals but it will depend upon type of ailments and future risk of the patient. Critically, academically it seems to be expensive but if the similar amount of health care is required at home, the patient will need number of staff members spending many hours travelling from one patients home to another. That is a abnormal waste of time and money. Deloitte has conducted study wherein it has been conclu ded that there is savings of 32 per cent to treat patients at home instead of public hospitals. The inference from this study was accepted by the Australian Associated Press HITH society stating that lot of money can be saved by treating people at home. It also provide opportunity to hospitals to provide beds to needy patients and taking pressure off from emergency departments. It has been suggested that support for hospitals in the home programs can cut the odds of death and hospital readmission and save money as compared to cost of medical care in hospitals. The study has undertaken meta-analysis of 61 randomised controlled trials suggesting the reduction in mortality, readmission rates and cost in hospital in the home (HITH). This study also confirms the similar reductions in mortality for all age groups and HITH increased patient and carer satisfaction. Economically the cost of HITP was calculated as $1466 as compared to the cost of a day in the ICU (Bryan, 2012). How important is ‘hospital in the home’ in Australia and other countries – ie what percentage of total hospital admissions are accounted for by ‘hospital in the home’ patients. There has been serious concern about the healthcare systems in Australia and all the Australian governments agreed to the National Healthcare Agreement (NHA) in 2008. This agreement was introduced to improve the health outcomes of all the residents and ensure the sustainability of the Australian health system. Not only it is cost effective but it adds to other benefits for patients especially psychologically. It helps the patients to avoid exposure to serious diseases. The importance to this aspect is evidenced from the fact that Governments in Australia control the HITH Guidelines. The media reports, â€Å"The Canberra Times†, published copy of report stating that caring for eligible hospital patients in their own homes instead of hospital wards can cut costs by almost a third while delivering the same health outcomes. This publication also used research study by Deloitte. The data furnished that it was about $900 cheaper for the government if a knee replacement patient was c ared for at home rather than in hospital, $1200 cheaper for a cellulites patient and $145 cheaper for a patient with a respiratory infection (Canberra Times, 2011). It helps the service providers to have clear, standardised guidance in similarity to other Local Health Districts and Specialty Health Networks (LHD/SHN). The governments have ensured that all residents of Australia not only remain healthy but for meeting local needs they can utilize HITH services (NSW Health, 2013). To be aware of the importance of HITH, there is need to understand the estimated HITH separations in public hospitals. Same-day separations are categorised as admission and separation to total care (inpatient and HITH) occurred on the same day. It means that these separations had one day or less of HITH care. Recorded overnight separations generally involved some care delivered within the hospital followed by some care at home. The data analysed by research persons show that there were 51,279 public hospital separations with HITH care in 2008-09. Of these, 41,608 were overnight separations and 9,671 were same-day separations. The critical analysis indicate that a substantial number of HITH care separations occur in NSW. The analysis of data collected also provides information that the majority of HITH patients who are chronically ill with compound illnesses and require episodic acute care are at older ages. (DLA Phillips Fox, 2010). HITH patients who require short-term medical treatm ents are those of varying ages (Deloitte Access Economics, 2011). Three health services that could be provided in the home rather than in a traditional hospital? The best methodology used is to consult doctors and establish relationship and based on his recommendations the recovery process need to be started. This will be cost effective, save from future infections form hospitals and other miscellaneous expenses. Australian Governments has announced concession for patients with kidney disease that receive dialysis treatment at home. The concession will be given to patients and the concession is part of SA Health’s commitment under the SA Health Care Plan 2010-2017 to ensure patients throughout South Australia have the opportunity access health care, where and when they need it. The treatment at home will provide an alternative treatment option that can provide you with more independence and flexibility. There will no need to plan activities around pre-determined appointments and can receive treatment in the comfort of your own home. The concession is with effect from 2012 and will provide an electricity concession for patients who undertake dialysis at home. The concession is part of SA Health’s commitment under the SA Health Care Plan 2010-2017 to ensure patients throughout South Australia have the opportunity to access health care in the home (Govt of South Australia, 2012). Mothers and newborns, if eligible, may be admitted to HITH instead of keeping them in hospitals. The adopted healthcare unit will arrange for The Postnatal Domiciliary Grant (formerly the Variable/Maternity Services Grant) provides for post-discharge visits that cover postnatal domiciliary care to public maternity patients. The home birthing was included in HITH during the year 2010. It will provide basic postnatal health checks and appropriate lactation support. It will reduce the huge cost, if retained in hospital and it would not have given chance to other patients if bed was not made vacant (Department of Health, 2011). Deep Vein thrombosis is one of the common diseases. However, majority of the patients in this category are eligible for treatment under HITH instead of keeping them in traditional hospitalization mode. The doctors attending such patients take immediate steps but it is patients whoa re required to take future steps to avoid aggravation. They need doctor’s advice at regular intervals not at all times during the day. HITH is best suitable for them as it will ensure that blood thinners are given as directed. HITH will help the patients to look for excessive bleeding because of blood thinners or due to cuts or bruise. Taking medication for Anticoagulation during HITH is mandatory and can help patients to avoid seriousness. Can you see any disadvantages of such a program? There are disadvantages of HITH but because of number of amendments and strict regulations the risks have been mitigated to large extent. Majority of the diseases can become serious and unless immediate steps are not initiated this can become fatal. The cost effectiveness can lead to deterioration in services. Overall, do you think such a program could result in better health outcomes? The biggest advantage of HITH is providing medication to patients in their own homes instead of hospitals and reduces huge costs in this action. The special training imparted to HITH to include intravenous therapy (mainly antibiotics), anticoagulation, wound care and chemotherapy for suitable patients in their own homes. The only challenge is selection of patients that are eligible. The disadvantage is that method can include the development of complications, anaphylaxis and patient or family anxiety. However, in appropriate cases, hospital in the home is effective and safe. Above all it is highly cost effective for individuals and country as there will be less infrastructure expenses by Governments. REFERENCES Haycox Alan (2009), .Health Economics, accessed and retrieved from http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/painres/download/whatis/what_is_health_econ.pdf Bryan Amanda (2012), Hospital in home benefits confirmed, MJA in Sight, accessed and retrieved from https://www.mja.com.au/insight/2012/43/hospital-home-benefits-confirmed. NSW Health (2013), NSW Hospital in the Home (HITH) Guideline, accessed and retrieved from http://www0.health.nsw.gov.au/policies/gl/2013/pdf/GL2013_006.pdf DLA Phillips Fox 2010, Report on evaluation of Hospital in the Home Programs, report for the Victorian Department of Health, Melbourne, http://www.health.vic.gov.au/hith/final_report2008-09.pdf, accessed 23 March 2011. Deloitte Access economics (2011), Economic analysis of Hospital in the Home (HITH) Hospital in the Home Society of Australasia, accessed and retrieved from file:///C:/Users/dell/Downloads/AccessEconomics-Final+Report+HITH_310811%20(3).pdf C. Raina Macintyre, Denise RuthAndZahid Ansari (2002), Hospital in the home is cost saving for appropriately selected patients: a comparison with in-hospital care, International Journal for Quality Healthcare, Volume 14, Issue 4, Page 285-293. Canberra Times (2011), Hospital house calls could cut expenses, accessed and retrieved from http://www.canberratimes.com.au/national/hospital-house-calls-could-cut-expenses-20110914-1wp67.html Government of South Australia (2012), Home dialysis electricity concession, accessed and retrieved from http://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/35452a0049fa42109057fa3a89b74631/Electricity+concession+brochure-HSP-300112.pdf?MOD=AJPERESCACHEID=35452a0049fa42109057fa3a89b74631 Department of Health (2011), Hospital in the Home Guidelines, accessed and retrieved from www.health.vic.gov.au/hith/  © Copyright, State of Victoria, Department of Health 2011

William Blakes Chimney Sweeper Essay -- William Blake Songs of Innoce

William Blake's Chimney Sweeper In this essay I am going to explore Blake's Chimney Sweeper poems from the Songs of Innocence and the Songs of Experience. During this essay I will cover Blake's life and times and the way chimney sweepers get treated around that time and what Blake attempts to do about it. Blake was born on November 28 in the year 1757. His parents where strict but understanding. Blake's parents realized early in his life that Blake was gifted. He had an extremely active imagination and he often got visions. At only four years old he claimed he had seen God in one of these visions. Another time when he was with one of his friends he envisaged angels filling a tree. He horridly told his family what he saw but the response he got from his father was quite negative. His father threatened to whip him because he believed it was time for him to grow up. However his mother took Blake's side and when she asked him about it he stated that the angels took the form of his thoughts. This vision was stuck with him and was extremely influential in his life. Blake obviously had a gift for seeing things with his eyes and in his imagination. He used his artwork to express his experiences. When Blake turned ten years of age his parents decided to enrol him into a drawing school. Later on in his life Blake used his talent as an artist to become a apprentice engraver. Throughout Blake's life he had a dislike for nasty, unfair people especially towards those that had power and money like those in the government, and those that where associated with the church. Blake also could not stand power abusers and bad unfair treatment to... ... final stanza Blake goes on the attack at the church and the government he does this by provoking anger towards them through the unfairness of it all. "And because I am happy & dance and sing, They think they have done me no injury, In these lines Blake is how the chimney sweeper feels after his ordeal, putting on the front everything is ok when it is not. Going deeper into what Blake is trying to bring across is representation that the chimney sweep is the poor people again. The final two lines Blake attacks the church and the government, the chimney sweep is wise and is experienced and realises that the church and government exploit the poor so that they can make their own heaven out of the money from the society. And we gone to praise God & his Priest and King, Who make up a heaven of our misery"

Modernism In Works of T.S. Elliot And James Joyce Essay -- Literature

Introduction: Modernism is a word that is generally used to understand "new and distinctive features in the subjects, forms, concepts and styles of literature and the other arts in the early decades of the present century, but especially after World War I." (Abrams 167) More often than not "Modernism" engages in "deliberate and radical break" (Abrams 167) with some of the more traditional foundation of art and culture. Peter Childs in his book Modernism remarks "Modernism has almost universally been considered a literature of not just change but crisis" (p. 14, Unit Reader p. 12). This essay will discuss and assess the value of this statement through the parts of the poem "The Waste Land" as well as "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" both of which were written by eminent poet T.S. Eliot and a short story from "Dubliners" named "Eveline" by James Joyece. Both the Poems and the short story in some way celebrate the practical and existent picture of life and culture and the changes with in them. This essay will firstly discuss the poem "The Waste Land" secondly it will discuss "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" thirdly the short story "Eveline" from the "Dubliners" and lastly it will discuss the how the discussions have helped to extend the understanding of the concept of Modernism. The Waste Land Section I: "The Burial of the Dead": This section of the "Waste Land" can be distinguished as a modified dramatic monolog. The four speakers in this part, who are very much frustrated by out side circumstances (a change and crisis) like war, are in dire need of speaking their hearts out but find themselves surrounded by dead people. The poem uses a partial rhyme scheme. The inclusion of language other than English make... ...through made her transform in a different way. Everything for her changes even after her discission to stay in Dublin. Modernism is a very different form of literature than those which were written before the First World War. Through the poems by T.S. Eliot and the short story by James Joyce one thing was evident; the impact of war was the biggest motivation behind all three pieces of writing. Another thing that was apparent was the fact that people were more concern about their individuality at that time which became prominent in the writings as well. Modernism began in a time where the war had shattered both the exterior and the interior of European culture and people embarked on thinking differently and new forms of realisations were embarking. These new realisations and ideas were channelled through different forms of literature and art and formed Modernism.

For Whom The Bell Tolls :: essays research papers

Part II The title For Whom the Bell Tolls symbolizes the uncertainty of life and destiny, where the main character in this story finds himself in a series of unpredictable situations that are beyond his control. The only certain event in life is death and knowing that this may happen to anyone at any time, renders the protagonist powerless against destiny, which he approaches with a fatalistic disposition. Part III For Whom the Bell Tolls takes place in Spain, during the bloody civil war, between the years of 1938 and 1942. It unravels among people who live in the rural mountain areas of Spain. They were forced to kill others in order to survive and to defend their country from fascist. The environment where the actions unfolds are the roughed mountains. A lot of killing takes place in this story. It certainly was a time of fear and desperation. Many heroic military deeds are depicted here: Robert Jordan and his group of internationalists sabotaged bridges, trains and building. Lots of peasants are starved, tortured and killed, and many children were left orphaned. Part IV 1 "He lay flat on the brown, pine-needle floor of the forest, his chin on his folded arms, and high overhead the wind blew in the tops of the pine tree"(p.1) 2 "He crosses the stream, picked a double handful, washed the muddy roots clean in the current and then sat down again beside his pack and ate the clean, cool green leaves and the crisp, peppery-tasting stalks"(p.12) 3 "Robert Jordan breathed deeply of the clear night air of the mountains that smelled of the pines and of the dew grass in the meadow by the stream. Dew had fallen heavily sin the wind had dropped."(p.64) 4 "Now the morning was late May, the sky was high and clear and the wind blew warm on Robert Jordan’s shoulders."(p.311) 5 "Then he heard the far-off, distant throbbing and, looking up, he saw the planes"(p.329) 6 " Sweeeish-crack-boom! It came, the swishing like the noise of a rocket and there was another up-pulsing of dirt and smoke farther up the hillside"(p.494) 7 "The others came behind him and Robert Jordan saw them crossing the road and slamming on up the green slope and heard the machine gun hammer at the bridge"(p.505) 8 "He looked very carefully around the withers of the dead horse and there was a quick hammering of firing from behind a boulder well down the slope and he heard the bullets from the submachine gun thud into the horse"(p.

Why Do Students Often Drop Out of College?

STUDENTS DROPPING OUT OF COLLEGE As we know that, the Vietnamese society has changed so much for the past decade, which causes some positive effects as well as negative issues in the education system. Some research has shown that the rate of students dropping out of college has been increased remarkably recently. There are some possible reasons causing this issue, which will be discussed in form of objective and subjective point-of-view in the following part. First and foremost, from the objective point-of-view, some colleges or universities have their illegal accreditation or license expired after a period of time.Raffles Ho Chi Minh City – College of Design and Commerce, as a particular example, has its bachelor degree programs unaccepted by Ministry of Education and Training in Vietnam at the beginning of 2012, which have caused damage to the students studying at there and the students graduating from there. They had to choose either continue their study in another country such as Singapore or start all ov er at another college. Moreover, another reason is possibly because a university or college does not have enough facility for supporting the students in during practice of their study.For example, in the biology lab, students need new technology and machines for studies yet the college does not have enough for everyone while it is hard to learn biology just by reading books and looking at pictures. On the other hand, subjectively, students’ interest is changing very often. They may find the current major not fit with their interest, ability and health after studying for awhile because the lessons are too difficult and boring that students cannot handle and do not have the spirit to study.Furthermore, some students prefer finding a job and making money to studying lessons. By earning some money, students can afford what they need and receive job’s and real life’s experience. Therefore, those students may not have enough time to follow and understand all of their lessons when the exams come. After retaking test too many times, students get tired and they may quit. To sum up, the problem which students dropping out of college is one of the toughest problems we have in education, not only in our country but also in others, has both objective and subjective point-of-view causes.There are some reasons come from colleges’ issue or ourselves. We can conduct student surveys regularly in order to learn insight of the students about the programs and facilities so as to solve the problems causing by the universities. In addition, we can give students advice about what they need for their lives, knowledge or money. However, we have to live our lives no matter what we choose, so just try to make the right decisions.

Positive Impact of Woman Labor in Economic Growth Essay

Labor – one of the factors of production and serves as the source of competitive advantage of various countries in attracting foreign investors. Alongside with labor is the concept of productivity which is the largest single component of economic growth especially for those labor intensive countries. Therefore, government of various countries around the globe a lot enough focus on maintaining the equilibrium condition of their labor market in order to achieve impressive economic growth. But with the advent of globalization, the demand for laborers extended up to such point wherein the labor market has to accommodate woman on the pool of labor. But why is that so? Are there any benefits that can be derived from hiring a woman on a certain business firm? This paper aims to identify the effects of woman’s entrance to labor pool to economic growth as well as the factor/s that contributed in order for such event to occur in the labor market. Relationship of Woman Labor and Economic Growth   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gender bias in labor force is a large factor to some of the countries especially in the Middle East wherein the labor pool is still being dominated by men and discrimination and injustices to women is very much accepted into their society. But there are still those liberal countries that welcome the entrance of women to labor force. Like for instance in UK, women serve as one of the source of higher productivity and economic growth (Walby, 2002). For the past decades, UK is relatively stable in terms of market success due to the improvement of the skills of their labor force and women made a significant contribution for the attainment of such impressive productivity and high performance. The characteristics of women like being keen to details and always want to take their time in order to attain the highest possible quality improved the efficiency and effectiveness of UK’s labor force.   Furthermore, though women are physically weak as compared to men, they are more productive when it comes to making planning and strategies on how to solve various problems concerning the welfare of the company or a business firms. This distinct characteristic of women serves as an avenue towards the improvement of the entire labor pool of UK for the past years. Moreover, it was identified that deficit in the labor force in the UK market provided a room for the market system to accept the entrance of women into the labor force despite of the fact that women have fewer educational qualifications than men; but this draw back on women was already settled by the present young women. Women nowadays compete at par with men in terms of attaining higher positions in the corporate world as they start to attain higher academic degrees. With this increase on productivity of labor force in UK industries started to generate more income and becomes more profitable. Moreover, domestic production is deemed to boost by the time skilled women entered the labor force of UK. In this regard, it is clear that the entry of women to labor force did provide positive impacts on the economic growth of the country. This insight do not suggest that men are already less efficient as compared to women, the point is, with the entry of women in the labor pool, the efficiency and effectiveness of men is further improved by the women. But with regards to physical productivity, still, men are still the one who dominates in the said area. Moreover, with the entrance of women in the labor force, flexibility of the labor pool improves since there were some tasks that only women can perform or requires the experiences of a woman. As a result, the productivity of the labor forces increase and so with the entire economy. At the end of the day, the entrance of women to labor force increases the volume of domestic production as more laborers can now be hired by domestic and foreign firms; as well as the improvement on the quality of the products being produced in the economy due to the innate characteristics of women like their keen attention to details provides lesser rooms for mistakes or errors. Moreover, those increases in the domestic production and higher quality of products will make the GDP of the country to increase which in return will improve the economic and social welfare of every laborers in the market. References Walby, S. (2002). The Impact of Women’s Position in the Labor Market on Pay and Implications for UK Productivity. Retrieved March 28, 2008, from http://www.womenandequalityunit.gov.uk/publications/weu_pay_and_productivity.pdf

Meaning of Life and Fast Lane Essay

leave well enough alone | let well enough alone Meaning: If you leave well enough alone, or let well enough alone, you don’t try to improve or change something that’s already good enough. For example: The kids seem happy enough now so let’s just leave well enough alone and forget about finding a new school for them.? skate on thin ice- Meaning: If you’re skating on thin ice, you’re doing something risky, or you’re in a situation that could quickly become dangerous. jockey for position- Meaning: If you jockey for position, you try to get yourself in a good position in relation to others who’re competing for the same opportunity or the same goal. let the cat out of the bag – Meaning: If you let the cat out of the bag, you let someone know a secret. You could have knocked me over with a feather. – Meaning: You can say â€Å"you could have knocked me over with a feather† to show how surprised you were when something happened, or when you heard about something. add fuel to the fire If you add fuel to the fire, you do something to make a bad situation even worse. Ahead of the game You are ahead of the game if you have an advantage over your competitors in any activity in which you try to do better than others, such as in business, academia, sports, etc. all the rage Informal If something is all the rage, it’s very popular or it’s in fashion at the moment. asking for trouble If someone is asking for trouble, they’re doing something risky that could lead to a problem. itchy feet Informal If you have itchy feet, you feel the need to go somewhere different or do something different. in the long run If you talk about something â€Å"in the long run†, you mean over a long period of time. At cross-purposes If you’re at cross-purposes with someone, you think you’re both talking about the same thing but you’re actually talking about different things. at loose ends If you’re at loose ends, you feel restless and unsettled because you don’t have anything to do. a blessing in disguise You can say something is a blessing in disguise if it appears to be bad at first, but it results in something very good in the end. back to square one If you have to go back to square one, you have to stop and start again, usually because something isn’t working as well as expected. bite your tongue | hold your tongue If you bite your tongue, or hold your tongue, you force yourself not to say something you really want to to say. the icing on the cake | the frosting on the cake If something is the icing on the cake, or the frosting on the cake, it makes a good situation or a good result even better. joie de vivre If you have joie de vivre, you feel the joy of living. make hay while the sun shines If you make hay while the sun shines, you make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. Fast friends good, loyal friends. The two of them had been fast friends since college. See also: friend fast one a clever and devious trick. (Compare this with pull a fast one. ) That was a fast one. I didn’t know you were so devious. This was the last fast one like that you’ll ever catch me with. life in the fast lane a very active or possible risky way to live. (See also in the fast lane. ) Life in the fast lane is too much for me. See also: lane, life make short work of something to deal with or finish something quickly We made short work of the food that was put in front of us. fast and furious if an activity is fast and furious, it is done quickly and with a lot of energy The first half of the game was fast and furious with both teams scoring three goals each. Ngn av dessa till din story a queer fish Meaning: If someone’s a queer fish, they are a bit strange and can sometimes behave in an unusual way. For example:Your great grandfather was a queer fish, Johnny. He used to write funny poems and then he’d read them aloud to everyone on the train on his way to work let the cat out of the bag Meaning: If you let the cat out of the bag, you let someone know a secret. For example: We’d planned a surprise party for Donna, but some guy she works with let the cat out of the bag, so now she knows.? Don’t forget that this is a secret, so whatever you do, don’t let the cat out of the bag.? †There? s an elephant in the room† – Meaning: If you make a killing, you make a lot of money from a sale or a deal of some sort. For example: My aunt made a killing when she bought some shares in a company as soon as they were issued, and sold them a few weeks later for three times what she paid.? Lots of people made a killing when property values went so high back in the nineties. †Bark is worse than his bite†, †put your money where your mouth is† – prove it.. alot of not air? all hell broke loose Meaning: You can say â€Å"all hell broke loose† if a situation suddenly became violent or chaotic. Bad news travels fast ’ â€Å"Bad news† means news about â€Å"bad† things like accidents, death, illness etc. People tend to tell this type of news quickly. But â€Å"good news† (passing an exam, winning some money, getting a job etc) travels more slowly. Least said soonest mended Possible interpretation: When we do or say something bad to someone, a long apology and discussion does not help. In such a case, the less we say the better. It’s written all over your face. If you say â€Å"it’s written all over your face†, you’re saying that the expression on someone’s face is showing their true feelings or thoughts. Group 20 ENOUGH IS ENOUGH Words Relating to More Than Enough (did you get it? ) ample copious lavish myriad plethora profuse prolific superfluous surfeit Memory tips: use these mnemonics (memory devices) to boost your vocabulary. Make up your own memory clues for words in this lesson that are personally challenging. Add these tips-and your own-to your Vocabulary Notebook. Copious let yourself see the word copies within copious, and think â€Å"lots of copies. † Certainly â€Å"lots of copies† leads to the defining ideas of abundant and plentiful. Plethora Let the ple lead you to plenty. When you write plethora in your Vocabulary Notebook, underscore the ple with a colored pen or marker. Superfluous The prefix super means over and above. This knowledge is helpful because superfluous means â€Å"above what is needed; extra. â€Å" Surfeit Like super-, sur- is also a prefix meaning over and above. So a surfeit is an amount over and above what is needed. Using apperception, (http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/apperception) link a word you most likely already know, surplus, to the new word, surfeit. These two-syllable synonyms even have the same number of letters! Solidify the meaning of surfeit in your memory. Ample think of the word sample but get rid of the S. and since Ample means more than enough you can think of many samples! Lavish think of marangsvisch with lakris sas! And put the letters LA from the word Lakris instead of S. Profuse(overflodande) think about refuse and proactive, because proactive is â€Å"overflowing† with vitamins. Change the re to pro Prolific, the word productive has the same meaning, so take the PRO from productive and add it with lyric which at least makes me think of lific. So think productive lyric. Myraid (skiftande mangd) think My ride†¦ Group 19 (2nd cluster for Fall Term) Wonderful You Are! Words Relating to Praise and Respect (did you get it? ) Acclaim accolade adulate esteem eulogize exalt extol laud panegyrize revere venerate Laud If you know applaud, then simply connect the new word laud to the word you already know, applaud. The meanings of these two verbs are closely connected. Plaudits means praise. Revere You remember Paul Revere from American History, right? Now, I am sure you’ll agree that it’s only right to respect, or revere one of our nation’s Founding Fathers! Another tip: you can repeat this chant to yourself over and over â€Å"Revere the Reverend. Revere the Reverend. Revere the Reverend† Acclaim think of ass, but with cc, and slajm (slaim)! Accolade think of assa, but with cc and chocolade Adulate ad-ul-ate Esteem think of S team, but with double e Eulogize think ekoloogisk / EU logisk Exalt think Exaltera, without era, since exalterad means vara upprymd like exalt. Extol, ex stol Panegyrize think, pannkakor & risgrynsgrot Venerate Think â€Å"ata vanner†, but switch place, let vanner lead you 2 Vener, and ata-ate.